以繪本活動促進高齡者與兒童代間學習歷程之研究

A Study of Promoting Intergenerational Learning between Elderly and Children through Picture Book Activities

張伊瑩(Yi-Ying Chang)

指導教授 ： 陳毓璟

國立中正大學/教育學院/成人及繼續教育系高齡者教育研究所/碩士(2014年)

摘要

本研究目的為瞭解高齡者與兒童在繪本代間學習活動中學習的收穫，以及探討高齡者在繪本代間學習活動中困難及因應，最後提供高齡教育相關機構以供參考。

本研究針對高齡者與國小兒童舉辦繪本的代間學習活動，有16位高齡者和30位低年級兒童參與活動。活動內容共計十週，包括四週培訓高齡者說故事的技巧，再安排高齡者進入小學位兒童說故事六週。

研究方法以訪談法訪問9位高齡者，和參與觀察法來得知高齡者的學習歷程與收穫；兒童部分則使用學習單內容分析和錄影帶分析得知兒童在繪本代間活動中的收穫。

依據研究發現，研究結果如下：

(一) 高齡者參與代間學習活動收穫
高齡者認為透過繪本故事能達到傳承和表達關愛的意涵，也感受到團隊成員給予的支持和溫暖，活動滿足高齡者的貢獻及表達的需求，提升高齡者對自我的價值感，和學習講故事之技巧。整體活動促進高齡者與兒童的互動，增進代間彼此之情感。

(二)高齡者在繪本代間學習活動中困難及因應
高齡者參與活動面對之困境包括自我對表達方面上的障礙、團隊成員在時間上的配合問題，以及說故事活動中如何管理兒童的秩序等。高齡者透過改變自身的想法，以及尋求他人的協助，來因應活動中所遇見的障礙。

(三) 兒童在繪本代間學習活動中學習的收穫
經由高齡者敘說故事分享經驗和技能的傳承，使兒童在過程中更進一步體悟到高齡者的寶貴智慧，並提升兒童對高齡者的正向觀感。

最後根據研究結果，提出代間學習活動的建議，給予高齡教育相關單位之參考。

關鍵字

學習歷程 ； 代間學習 ； 繪本活動

並列摘要

This study aimed to understand the learning process and outcomes of elderly and children using the picture book intergenerational learning activity, as well as investigate the difficulties encountered by the elderly while participating in the activity and then define corresponding measures. The findings can provide a reference for educational institutions catering to elderly.

This study investigated a picture book-based intergenerational learning activity for elderly and elementary school children, in which there were 16 elderly participants and 30 first and second graders of elementary schools. The activity lasted for 10 weeks. In the first four weeks, training was provided to seniors on their storytelling skills. In the following six weeks, seniors were arranged to enter primary schools to tell children stories.

In terms of the research methodology, interviews were conducted with the elderly participants, and participant observation was used to find out their learning process and outcomes. In addition, work sheets and video content analysis were used to find out the students’ learning outcomes from the picture book intergenerational learning activity.

Based on the results, the conclusions are as follows:

(1) Reward for seniors from participating in the intergenerational learning activity

Believing that the picture book activity could impart and express one’s care and love, seniors also feel the support and warmth of group members. This activity satisfied seniors’ need of making contributions and expressing themselves, as well as elevated seniors’ self- value and story-telling skill through participating in the activity. The overall activity encouraged interaction between the elderly and children and improved the intergenerational affection between the elderly and children.

(2) Difficulties encountered by seniors in the picture book intergenerational learning activity and coping measures

Difficulties encountered by seniors in the activity included difficulties in expressing themselves, group members’ available time and schedule, and keeping order when children were present in the storytelling activity. Seniors combated these difficulties in the activity by changing their own state of mind and seeking assistance from other people.

(3) Reward for children from participating in the intergenerational learning activity

Seniors’ storytelling, experience sharing, and passing down skills enabled students to have a further understanding of seniors’ valuable wisdom and develop a more positive attitudes toward the elderly.

Based on the results of this study, suggestions for intergenerational learning activities were provided for educational institutes for the elderly and intergenerational learning activity planners.

並列關鍵字

Intergenerational learning ； Picture book activity ； Learning process

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