兩岸產業互賴之政治經濟分析－以半導體產業為例

The Political Economy Analysis of Cross-Strait industrial Interdependence - A Case Study of the Semiconductor industry

周雅婷(Ya-Ting Chou)

指導教授 ： 趙文志

國立中正大學/社會科學院/戰略暨國際事務研究所/碩士(2015年)

摘要

從二十一世紀以來，臺灣與中國大陸兩岸雙方社會運作模式，已經比二十世紀以前較為民主。兩岸在簽署ECFA以前，基於政治、歷史、文化因素影響，在雙方政府明訂的政策上有所限制，但於經貿方面卻早已具有相互依賴的關係；於簽署ECFA之後，雙方貿易更具有制度化的保障，整體進出口數據也有提升。無論是臺灣政府亦或是中國大陸政府，皆積極透過強化政策制定以發展半導體產業。近幾年，臺灣與中國大陸的貿易行為有著更密切的互賴，中國大陸幾乎已成為臺灣的最大貿易夥伴國家，許多臺灣的工廠也紛紛遷移至中國大陸設廠，並透過上游、中游、下游廠商讓臺灣和中國大陸形成更加緊密的連結。

然而，本研究從「兩岸經貿產業內貿易的互動」作切入點，以臺灣具備高科技優勢的半導體產業成為本研究「企業互賴」的選擇，並循序漸進的從全球半導體產業將技術引進至臺灣，接續又透過臺灣前往中國大陸設廠，讓兩岸半導體產業鏈連結因而有相互依賴之關係。本研究針對兩岸半導體產業內貿易的上游IC設計產業、中游IC製造產業以及下游的IC封裝產業和測試產業作出SWOT分析，並依據所分析的結果顯示兩岸半導體產業「相互依賴」是源於上游、中游與下游各自產業鏈的優勢、劣勢、機會與威脅，以及相互依賴占據兩岸的關鍵角色。

關鍵字

上中下游廠商 ； IC產業鏈 ； 兩岸半導體產業 ； 相互依賴 ； 兩岸產業政策

並列摘要

The mechanism of the society in both Taiwan and China has become more democratic in the 21th century. Although the decretal limit on policies existed based on the impact of political, historical, and cultural factors, the interdependent relationship between the two areas has been constructed on economic and trade issues prior to the two sides cross the straits signed the Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement (ECFA), a preferential trade agreement between the two governments. After ECFA has been signed, the bilateral trade has gotten more institutionalized protection and more overall import as well as export. Both the two governments, Taiwan and China, developed the industry of semiconductor actively by strengthening the related policies.

In recent years, the trade between Taiwan and China has been more interdependent. China has become the largest trading partner country of Taiwan, and China has become the most attractive place to set up new factories for many Taiwanese companies. With the connection among the upstream, midstream and downstream in the supply chain, the manufacturers have developed closer links with each other.

In this paper, we use “the cross-strait economic and trade industry and trade interaction” as an entry point to discuss the topic of corporate interdependence. Since the semiconductor industry is one of the well-developed fields in Taiwan and is one of the popular industries that the companies chose to set up their factories in China to make close connections cross the strait, we choose the industry as our main target. In this paper, we analyze the trade of semiconductor in the upstream, midstream and downstream of the supply chain by the SWOT analysis, a popular method to discuss a company or project by its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and treats. The factors of the phenomenon of interdependence among Taiwan and China are also confirmed through the discussion.

並列關鍵字

On both sides of the Semiconductor industry ； Interdependence ； Cross-strait industrial policy ； IC industry chain ； The downstream manufacturers

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