美國,作為冷戰後全球唯一的霸權國家,面對一個經濟快速崛起的新興強權,美中兩國基於各自利益,在亞太地區進行戰略競爭和角力,已是21世紀全球矚目的焦點。 本文以霸權穩定論以及權力轉移理論為基礎,研究美中在南海區域,以及整體亞太戰略的戰略互動與角力。美國維護霸權穩定的亞太戰略,是以外在的結盟作為主要戰略途徑,透過強化傳統雙邊軍事同盟,制衡中國在亞太的勢力擴張;中國則是以厚植本身綜合國力為內在途徑,並藉由加強海軍發展,以圖取代美國成為區域上霸權為目標。 美國自從歐巴馬政府宣示重返亞太之後,美中在亞洲的各戰略領域的角力上不遺餘力,中國在南海區域上與周邊國家摩擦不斷,使得美國在亞太的軍事同盟得以凝聚,海上爭霸更趨於激烈,區域內的軍備競賽加劇。中國的持續發展,將使得美中在亞太區域的霸權爭奪更為激烈。兩國皆為了取得有利的戰略先機,在是南海地區合縱連橫,牽動著亞太的整體情勢發展。
Being only one hegemonic country after the Cold War,another is a new might with rapidly rising economy.Both U.S and China based on their own national benefits,the competition and race of war strategy in East Asia has become the most two important strength that effect safety of East Asia in 21th century. This article is based on the theory of balance of power and hegemony to research strategic internation and contest between U.S and China in South china sea and asia affairs.The study found that strategy of balance of power in Asia of U.S is taking outside alliance to be the major strategic path.U.S strengthened traditional bilateral military to counterbalance the rising of China.On the other hand,China strongly builds up its national strength inside.It had set the goal to gradually take the U.S place being regional hegemony. Since the Obama administration declared “Return to Asia”the U.S strategy race in Asia had set off a new era.China and neighboring countries of South China Sea had series of friction.This made U.S military alliance forces in the Asia-Pacific cohere again.Competetion on sea is getting radical,regional armaments race gets intensified.If China continually develop the fight of hegemony in Asia will become more severe.Moreover ,U.S and China would obtain more favorable balance of power.Their operation of alliance on conpetition and confrontation affects the development and stability of security situation in Asia.