本研究比較跆拳道選手男女與雙腳動態平衡能力的差異,並利用相關及回歸統計分析造成差異的因子。受試者為25名女性及30名男性高中跆拳道選手,除了進行身高、體重、動態平衡、坐姿體前彎、垂直跳、六角敏捷與簡單視覺反應測量外,以Y字平衡測驗(Y Balance Test, YBT)評估雙腳的動態平衡能力。各比值以二因子混合設計變異數分析進行性別和雙腳之間的比較,另外再以皮爾森積差相關分析YBT數值和各體能因子的相關性,和利用逐步回歸分析找出可以預測YBT表現因子。結果顯示男子選手各YBT數值表現顯著優於女子選手,而男女選手慣用和非慣用腳YBT表現組內差異沒有顯著。YBT數值與垂直跳高度相關性最為顯著,其次為身高、年紀和六角敏捷。逐步回歸分析顯示非慣用腳YBT平均表現有40.8%的變異量可用垂直跳和年齡兩因子解釋,慣用腳YBT平均表現則有35.2%的變異量可由身高和年齡解釋。推測男子選手動態平衡表現優於女子選手的原因可能與下肢肌力及動作機制的差異有關。
This study aimed to evaluate the dynamic balance of high school taekwondo athletes. Differences between sexes and legs, in addition to the determinants that cause the difference were examined. 30 male and 25 female taekwondo athletes of high school were recruited to join this study. Each was subjected to the measurements of stature, weight, and a battery of fitness tests consisted of vertical jump, sit-and-reach, hexagon agility test, visual reaction time and the Y-balance test (YBT). Statistical significance was set at 0.05. The results showed the males perform better in the YBT than the females. Leg asymmetry of the dynamic balance was not found both in male and female players. The YBT score was significantly correlated to the vertical jump, stature, age and agility. Stepwise regression analysis showed that 40.8% of the variance of the YBT score of the non-dominant leg can be explained by vertical jump and stature, and 35.2% of the variance of the YBT score of the dominant leg can be explained by stature and age. It is suggested the dissimilarities of the strength and kinematics of the lower extremities are key factors affecting the YBT performance in the male and female taekwondo players.
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