王水消化法係目前分析土壤中重金屬含量方法之一,而測得之結果僅代表土壤中重金屬全量濃度,並不能直接表示重金屬移動性及對於作物、人體的危害影響。固-液分配係數(Kd)可應用於評估土壤中重金屬的移動性與生物有效性,是一理想的方式。本研究擇用台灣西部桃園、彰化及台南三區域農地土壤(共128組樣品),進行土壤物化特性分析。各區域土壤樣品經3種萃取液(0.1 N HCl、0.005 M DTPA、0.05 M EDTA)萃取後,進行萃取液銅濃度檢測分析。最後以統計方法探討不同萃取液及土壤間固-液分配係數與物化特性之相關性。研究結果顯示影響銅之移動性,以KD_HCl與土壤中黏粒及有機碳含量具有低度相關性,其R2=0.377(p < 0.01);KD_DTPA與與土壤中黏粒及有機碳含量具有中度相關性,其R2=0.0.434(p < 0.01);KD_EDTA與土壤pH、黏粒及有機碳含量具有中度相關性,其R2=0.455(p < 0.01)。而Kd值越大時,表示銅的移動性越高,相對造成生物及環境的風險也越高。
Aqua regia extraction is one of the methods to determine heavy metals content in soil. Analytical result of heavy metals in soil using aqua regia extraction only defines total content but is not able to represent their mobility or impact on health of human and plants. Solid-liquid partition coefficient is an ideal parameter to assess mobility and bioavailability of heavy metals in soil. 128 soil samples of agricultural land from three regions, including Taoyuan County, Changhua County and Tainan City, throughout Taiwan were chosen for analysis of physical and chemical properties in soil. Soil samples of each region are extracted by 0.1 N HCl, 0.005 M DTPA and 0.05 M EDTA, concentration of copper in extract is being analyzed. Statistical method is used to assess correlation between solid-liquid partition coefficient and physical or chemical properties of soil and extraction. Results show low correlation between KD_HCl and clay or organic carbon(OC) content of soil on mobility of copper with R2=0.377(p < 0.01). Medium Correlation is shown between KD_DTPA and clay or OC soil on mobility of copper with R2=0.434(p < 0.01). Medium correlation is shown between KD_EDTA and pH, clay or OC content of soil on mobility of copper with R2=0.455(p < 0.01). Mobility of copper increases with increasing value of Kd, resulting higher risk to human health or environment.
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