鎳銅電鍍污泥金屬熱熔回收操作條件之研究

Operating Conditions for Metal Recovery from Ni-Cu Plating Sludge Melting

林子洂(Zi-Yi Lin)

指導教授 ： 黃國林

國立屏東科技大學/工學院/環境工程與科學系所/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2012.00142

摘要

鎳銅電鍍污泥經常是有害的，必須妥適處理，以免影響環境與人體。但其含高量鎳銅，具有回收價值。因此，本研究係利用高溫熔融法處理含鎳銅電鍍污泥(操作溫度1450°C、持溫30分鐘)，以熱熔融之產物(金屬錠及熔渣)為最佳化操作指標，探討金屬元素含量、金屬錠分離效率及熔渣之再利用可行性，並以反應曲面法找出熱熔融最佳化之條件。
研究結果顯示，藉由添加助熔劑(石灰石、碎玻璃)進行熱熔融，能有效提高金屬錠中有價金屬之回收量，以Ni(693,800 mg/kg)、Cu(87,400 mg/kg)及Fe(43,600 mg/kg)較高，且金屬錠分離效率均可達到90%以上。取研究中最佳之配方，另於熱熔融過程中添加NaOH作為熔渣修飾劑，其結果顯示此一步驟能提高金屬錠中金屬元素之含量(Ni:801,000 mg/kg、Cu:128,200 mg/kg、Fe:63,200 mg/kg)；並能有效將金屬錠分離效率提高至99%，增加有價金屬回收之潛力。
實驗熔渣進行毒性特性溶出試驗(TCLP)結果均能符合溶出量標準，故熔渣可作為一具有再利用潛力之資材。經反應曲面法三變數三階層分析之結果顯示，CaCO3添加量與鹽基度高低對於熱熔融試程並無明顯之影響，但若加入16 %之NaOH即可大幅提高熱熔融處理金屬錠之分離效果。

關鍵字

電鍍污泥 ； 高溫熔融法 ； 金屬錠 ； 反應曲面法

並列摘要

The Ni-Cu plating sludge, with high content of Ni and Cu, generated from the wastewater treatment of electroplating processes are usually hazardous. However, it is attractive to recover Ni and Cu from the Ni-Cu plating sludge which may impact on environment and human health without proper treatment.
In this study, a vitrification process (1450°C for 30 min) was employed to treat Ni-Cu plating sludge. The vitrification products (i.e., ingot and slag) were used as indicators to evaluate optimal vitrification conditions. Moreover, the contents of metal elements, separation efficiency of ingots, and feasibility of slag reuse were discussed, and the optimization of operating condition was determined using a response surface methodology (RSM) of experimental design.
The results show that the additives of limestone and cullet during the vitrification process effectively improved the metal content of ingot, especially that for Ni (693,800 mg/kg), Cu (87,400 mg/kg), and Fe (43,600 mg/kg) with >90% ingot separation efficiency. When a vitrified modifier of NaOH was added in the optimal vitrification process the metal content of Ni (801,000 mg/kg), Cu (128,200 mg/kg), and Fe (63,200 mg/kg) increased in the ingot with >99% ingot separation efficiency.
The analyzed data of slag Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) show the metal leaching of smelting slags meet TCLP limits, suggesting that the slag can be reused for recycling purposes. The three variable/three level RSM analysis reveals that the additions of CaCO3 and the basicity in vitrification are not significant factors for improving slag metal content; however, the addition of 16% NaOH in specimens significantly increased the efficiency of metal recovery in the vitrification process.

並列關鍵字

Electroplating Sludge ； Vitrification ； Ingot ； Response Surface Methodology (RSM)

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