影響臺灣私有林主參與合作意願之研究

Factors Influencing Private Forest Owners’ Intentions to Participate in a Cooperation in Taiwan

陳惠珊(Hui-Shan Chen)

指導教授 ： 羅凱安

國立屏東科技大學/農學院/森林系所/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2012.00272

摘要

臺灣森林面積以國有林占大多數，私有林占小部份，分布零散且面積小，私有林雖有較佳的地況與交通，但就林業經營而言，通常需要較大的規模，以達成經濟性。加上近來社會對環境保全的要求，只鼓勵造林卻缺乏木材之生產規模，也導致臺灣木材市場上原料缺乏，多使用國外進口材，當然私有林主經營森林意願自然低落。本研究主要目的即是探討影響私有林主參與合作意願之因素，以及藉由主要影響意願層面及實證結果比較，找出適合解釋私有林主參與合作相關之理論。研究方法及透過文獻回顧方式，收集國、內外林業參與合作之相關理論或影響因素，設計調查問卷。實證上以臺灣北、中、南、東選取4個縣市17個鄉鎮為研究對象，經由實地訪談來蒐集相關資料。結果發現，私有林主願意參與合作組織意願有2/3，分別有林主基本屬性、林主資源、經營、政策及生產等層面，而顯著影響參與合作之因素則有林主年齡、林地自然狀況、土地類別、使用編定、農業生產保護、固定二氧化碳減少溫室效應、休閒遊憩、不具森林經營能力者、合作優點及政府輔導。林主偏好的合作型式以合作社(60.9%)最高，合作範圍則以鄉鎮(59.1%)最高，在不願參與因素主要有對政府沒信心、年紀已老及木材價格不好為主。最後本研究認為資源依賴理論及組織學習理論似較可用來解釋私有林主參與合作之行為。

關鍵字

私有林 ； 合作意願 ； 資源依賴理論

並列摘要

The forest area of national forest is majority part, private forest is small part scattered of distribution and areas are small. For forest management, although have better status of condition and traffic in private forest, but need a large scale to management and achieve economy. With environmental preservation for society, only to encourage afforestation but lack of produce timber. Leading to lack of raw materials in the timber market in Taiwan and used imported material. Of course, private forest owners' forest management willingness was low. The main objective of this paper is to find the factors that influencing private forest owners to participate in a cooperation. Then, discuss empirical result with cooperation theories. The research methods is through the literature review, collection the theory or factors of participation and cooperation of management, questionnaire design, empirical for four countries and 17 townships northern, central, south, east in Taiwan. The results showed that, there are 2/3 owners intentions to participate in a cooperation. The factors are forest owner information, forest resource, manageent, policy and production. The significant influence factors of the private forest owners to participate in the organization of forest owners and in cooperation, namely: forest owners year, natural condition, category of land, use scheduled of land, agricultural production and protection, fixed CO2 and reduce greenhouse, leisure and recreation, without forest management capacity, the advantages of cooperation and government guidance to promote. Forest owners preferred cooperation types is cooperation (60.9%) and the scope of cooperation is towns (59.1%). The major factors of unwillingness participate in cooperation is no confidence in the government, forest owners has old, timber prices is poor. Finally, that resource dependence theory seems higher than others can be to explain the impact of forest owners to participate in co-operative behavior.

並列關鍵字

private forest ； intentions to participate ； resource dependence theory (RDT)

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