牛樟芝培養與觀察研究

Cultivation and observation of Antrodia camphorata

楊亞道(Ya-Dao Yang)

指導教授 ： 曾耀銘 ； 劉炳嵐

朝陽科技大學/理工學院/應用化學系/碩士(2011年)

摘要

本研究主要在觀察牛樟椴木培養與平面培養牛樟芝之特徵、生長循環，並以光學顯微鏡鏡檢牛樟芝在牛樟椴木培養和平面培養之生長型態，嘗試繪出生活史。實驗發現，擔孢子萌發和生長密合度對牛樟芝菌絲平面培養及牛樟椴木培養的菌絲體和子實體生長影響甚大。牛樟椴木培養增加溼度方式和足夠空氣容易使子實體長出，尤其是在椴木凹陷、側方及下方會有子實體結構。觀察牛樟椴木子實體十一個月當中發現其顏色由最初之淡紅色轉為紅色帶白霧狀色直到呈現紅黃色；顯微鏡觀察零個月牛樟芝椴木有擔孢子、一個月開始有菌絲、兩個月有擔子、三~六個月膨脹擔子果分裂擔孢子衍生菌絲生長、八個月有節孢子，九個月菌絲接合、十個月擔子果、擔孢子、十一個月擔子果。牛樟芝平面培養生長受營養成分影響，第0天在培養皿中心點放置牛樟芝菌絲，第4天培養皿中心周圍有白色菌絲生長，第8天白色菌絲邊緣層開始有紅色菌絲擴散生長，第12~16天培養皿中心菌絲生長為一半面積，有紅色菌絲帶白色絨毛；顯微鏡觀察第0天培養擔孢子→第2~4天生長菌絲、扣子體→第6~8天轉變骨骼菌絲、節孢子→第12天節孢子融合膨脹擔子果→第14天擔子果逐漸成熟擔子→第16天成熟擔子分裂擔孢子，進行下一個循環生長週期。

關鍵字

椴木培養 ； 菌絲體 ； 牛樟芝 ； 子實體

並列摘要

In this study, the observation of growth traits and morphology of Antrodia camphorata on Cinnamomum kanehirai Hayata basswood and Petri dish (plate) were investigated. The optical microscope was also employed to examined the growth characteristics and eventually draw its life cycle. It was found that the germination of Antrodia camphorata basidiospore and growth seal tightness of Antrodia camphorata mycelium had a great impact on fruiting bodies. Increasing the humidity and sufficient air supply are crucial for fruiting bodies formation especially when mycelium appear in the notch, lateral, or bottom of basswood. The color of fruiting bodies of Antrodia camphorata in basswood was begin with light pink followed by red with mist white and then turns red to yellow during 11 months investigation. Meanwhile, Antrodia camphorata basidiospores was found in the basswood in the initial of cultivation, followed by hyphae (1st month), basidiomycota (2nd month), mycelial growth from basidiospores (derived from splitting of swelling basidiocarp) (3rd to 6th months), arthrospore (8th month), mycelium bonding (9th month), basidiocarp and basidiospores (10th month), and basidiocarp (11th month) was observed under microscope.
The growth of Antrodia camphorata in the plate was affected by nutrients. The Antrodia camphorata mycelium was inoculated at the center of the Petri dish and the white mycelium was observed at day 4. The red myceliums begin growth from white layer edge after 8th day. Subsequently, half of the plate spread with the white-hair-like red mycelium at 12 to 16 days of cultivation. The basidiospore was found in the inoculum at day 0 of culture under microscope. The growth of hyphae and clamp connections proceed for 2 to 4 days and changing to skeletal hyphae and arthrospore at 6th to 8th day. At 12th day, the arthrospore was fusion with expanded basidiocarp. The basidiocarp becomes mature and turns to basidiomycota after two weeks cultivation. Finally, the mature basidiomycota split to basidiospore at 16th day of inoculation. The life cycle of Antrodia camphorata is completed.

並列關鍵字

basswood ； Antrodia camphorata ； fruiting bodies ； mycelium

參考文獻

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