中文摘要 本文利用1996年至2010年之間的資料,實證檢驗金控、非金控銀行以及獨立董事制度、董事會規模、經理人的權限是否影響其經營績效。實證結果發現,董事會的權力愈集中,銀行績效愈好,獨立董事已能發揮自己的權力,有效監督銀行的營運效率。另外,對於金控銀行,董事會的權力顯得更集中,資產報酬率及流動資產績效較好。而銀行加入金控體系後,取得更多商品與通路,業者較不著重於利差收入。本研究進一步證實,為在競爭激烈的金融市場中勝出,加入金控體系已成為必然的趨勢。 目前在國內研究上,對銀行業風險探討不多,本研究同時考量結構性改變分析信用風險與獲利績效之各種可能的關係。本文以「逾期放款比率」與「備抵呆帳覆蓋率」作為銀行信用風險代理變數,探討1999年至2010年之間信用風險對「銀行績效」的影響及其傳遞過程。實證結果證實,當「逾期放款比率」與「備抵呆帳覆蓋率」小於門檻值,銀行承擔信用風險愈高獲利績效愈低,反之則相反。而銀行投資愈多於存放款業務,雖然ROA及ROE減少,但利息獲利會愈高。本文也證實,僅以傳統OLS迴歸方法估計,可能無法完整的呈現自變數與應變數之間各種可能的關係,直接影響銀行業風險管理的決策。 關鍵詞:台灣商業銀行、經營績效、董事會、獨立董事、信用風險、銀行治理
Abstract This study uses the data of 1996 to 2010 to examine the effect of financial holding company, independent board, board size and manager’s power on bank’s performance. The empirical results show that the concentration and independent of board are positively influence upon the bank’s performance. The financial holding bank has more concentrative board, higher return on asset and better asset liquidity. Moreover, Banks has got more products and channels and less rely on net interest revenue when joining financial holding companies, further proving the inevitable trend of financial integration under the high competitive environment. This study takes the structural break into account to investigate the relationship between credit risks and profit performance in Taiwanese Commercial Banks during the period of 1999 to 2010. Using “Non-Performing Loans Ratio” and “Coverage Ratio” as the proxy variables for bank credit risk, empirical results show that when they are less than the threshold value, the lower Bank credit risk the higher the profit performance, and vice versa. Investing more in Loan and Deposit operation, although the ROA and ROE reduce, help increase the interest profit. This study further finds that simply using the traditional OLS regression might not completely clarify all possible relationships between variables, directly affecting the risk management decisions. Keywords:Taiwanese Commercial Banks, Performance, Board Structure, Independent Director, Credit Risk, Bank Governance