都市生態社區選址評估指標體系之研究

Evaluation Indicators System of the Site Selection of Urban Eco-community

蔡叡昕(Jui-Hsin Tsai)

指導教授 ： 王小璘 ； 何友鋒

朝陽科技大學/設計學院/建築及都市設計研究所碩士在職專班/碩士(2011年)

摘要

都市因人口密度高、工商業發展而導致汙染產生與生態環境質量下降等問題，近年來隨著「永續」理念的提出，許多都市規劃者已意識到環境要朝向永續發展，其與都市能量流的運作有著密切的關係，人類生存場域－都市應與自然環境相結合，才能達到和諧共存之狀態。然社區是都市中人類活動場域之最小單元，為了永續都市的達成，社區的永續發展是其中關鍵。透過評估社區內外部的自然、經濟、社會等資源條件，可瞭解社區現階段之總體基礎環境狀況，以判別該社區具備發展成為生態社區之潛力程度為何，進而可積極投入建設。本研究目的是建構都市生態社區選址的評估指標體系，藉此評估不同區位之社區，找尋較具可發展性的生態社區區位，並作為指引或建議政府投資建設都市生態社區之方向。有鑑於此，本研究以永續發展、生態社區相關文獻為基礎，透過文獻回顧法針對都市社區個體結構，特徵與社會經濟等方面探討評估層級指標，並利用模糊德爾菲法進行第一階段指標篩選，再以分析網路程序法找尋指標權重，進而提出都市生態社區選址評估指標體系，最後選擇台中市楓樹、大忠及后庄社區為三個實證研究基地，經評估後提出評估架構並將其優劣程度排序，作為未來都市生態社區選址評估或決策者之參考依據。本研究結果如下：
一、都市生態社區選址評估指標架構，以「環境」、「經濟」、「社會」為評估指標體系之第一層級評估構面，由八個評估要項組成第二層級，由下再細分為二十六個評估指標。
二、經評估後發現，三個實證社區之共同核心問題為居民對於生態社區與環境保護認知皆不足，且居民對於社區事務參與程度偏低，其皆為都市發展生態社區之最大阻力之一。
三、三實證社區經本研究提出之評估體系評選後，以南屯區之「楓樹社區」總體評值最高，其次為「后庄社區」，最後為「大忠社區」。

關鍵字

評估指標體系 ； 分析網路程序法 ； 模糊德爾菲法 ； 區位選擇 ； 生態社區

並列摘要

Due to the high density of population as well as commercial and industrial activities in cities, the pollution naturally occurs, and quality of the ecosystem is degraded. As the concept of “Sustainability” is emerged lately, a great number of urban planners sense that environment deserves a sustainable development, which works closely with the urban energy flow. Cities, the human being’s living fields, shall be incorporated into the natural environment and will achieve balanced coexistence.
The smallest unit of human living sites in urban areas is “community”, therefore, the sustainable development of communities is crucial for achieving a sustainable city. The basic environmental condition of a community can be pictured by gauging the nature, economics and society in and around the community. With the result, the potentiality of the neighborhood to be formed as an eco-community can be indentified, and the planning authorities would be able to outline plans. The purpose of this study is to build up the rating index system for selecting urban eco-communities in order to assess various communities in different locations, to seek appropriate locations as well as to function as the guide for the urban eco-community policies.
With these grounds, this study is conducted on the basis of the relevant literatures of sustainable development and eco-communities. The rating hierarchy indexes are probed by literature review method, which is aimed on the individual structure, features and social economics of urban communities. Further, the indexes were filtered with Fuzzy Delphi Method at first stage, and then the result was applied to Analytic Network Process to measure the weights of the indexes. Afterwards, the structural system of the rating factors for urban eco-community selection was suggested. The Feng Shu, Da Chung and Ho Chuang community in Taichung City were finally selected as the empirical-research sites for this study. The rating structure was proposed after the evaluation, and it has been sorted by the rating result, which can be the references for the decision makers and for the same purpose in the future. The results are as following:
1.Regarding the rating structure for urban eco-community selection issue, the “Environment”, “Economics” and “Society” shall be the first hierarchy of evaluation dimension in the rating index system. The second hierarchy is formed with eight evaluation items, and 26 indexes are categorized in the next hierarchy.
2.The findings with the evaluation are that the common core problem for these 3 communities is the residents have no sufficient awareness on the eco-community and environment protection issues and have low level of desire to participate in the community affairs. It has become the major impediment on developing urban eco-communities.
3.With the result from the suggested rating system in this study, the Feng Shu Community from Nan Tun District is at the first position for overall evaluation and is followed by Ho Chuang and Da Chung Community.

並列關鍵字

Evaluation System ； Analytic Network Process ； Fuzzy Delphi Method ； Site Selection ； Eco- Community

參考文獻

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