具黑色幽默感產品之對比意象

Contrast Image on Products with Black Humor

杜芸(Yun Tu)

指導教授 ： 曹永慶

大同大學/設計學院/工業設計學系所/碩士(2007年)

摘要

本研究之目的在探討黑色幽默的對比意象，應用於產品設計時創意性思考的轉換及其對應手法之可行性。內容共包含以下四大部分：（1）首先透過黑色幽默之具體事例進行對比形容詞對之感受度評估，以歸納出對比意象空間與對比意象概念結構。（2）黑色幽默事例樣本與對比意象之對應關係。（3）對比意象之設計轉化。（4）對比意象手法之驗證。主要結果歸納如下：

第一部份：對比意象空間與對比意象概念結構
黑色幽默的對比意象空間主要可由：「人性的光明與黑暗」、「意識上的荒繆與真實」與「情緒上的鎮定與激動」三因素所構成。
黑色幽默的對比意象概念：可由「嘲笑諷刺他人，既脫節又正常之幽默」、「對他人悲傷落井下石，令人既痛苦又好笑之幽默」與「言語中隱約帶有負面與惡意挖苦，令人既好氣又好笑之幽默」及「令人感到焦慮不安，既緊張又刺激之幽默」等四群所構成。

第二部份：黑色幽默事例樣本與對比意象之對應關係
不同類型的黑色幽默事例樣本，會由於嘲諷的主題與目的性的差異而產生不同的對比意象，其中『嘲笑諷刺他人，既脫節又正常之幽默』群，在意象上傾向於「情緒上的鎮定與激動」的感受。而『對他人悲傷落井下石，令人既痛苦又好笑之幽默』群，在意象上則傾向於「人性的光明與黑暗」的感受。與『言語中隱約帶有負面與惡意挖苦，令人既好氣又好笑之幽默群』群，在意象上是傾向於「意識上的荒繆與真實」與「情緒上的鎮定與激動」的感受。以及『令人感到焦慮不安，既緊張又刺激之幽默』」，在意象上傾向於「意識上的荒繆與真實」的感受。

第三部份：對比意象之設計轉化
首先從各群對比意象之手法中萃取出「誇大其它產品的操作方式與矛盾行為等不合理的組合」、「虐待或是使人痛苦卻又荒繆可笑等違背常理之行為」與「具有侵略性且帶有不懷好意之行為」以及「岀乎意料且令人感到情緒惶恐安或使精神亢奮之類比動作」等四群對比手法，進行各群之對比操作方式聯想，並從中設計轉化出12項具黑色幽默之產品，以電腦模擬繪製。

第四部份：對比意象手法之驗證
在設計手法上應用「對他人悲傷落井下石，令人既痛苦又好笑之幽默」與「言語中隱約帶有負面與惡意挖苦，令人既好氣又好笑之幽默」之對比意象最可產生黑色幽默感受。而「令人感到焦慮不安，既緊張又刺激之幽默」之產品樣本則在使用上具有強迫與挑戰性行為，因此「創意性」評價為最高。以及「對他人悲傷落井下石，令人既痛苦又好笑之幽默」之產品樣本則是在使用上，讓使用者有凌虐他人之快感，因此「黑色幽默」評價為最高。
關鍵詞：黑色幽默、對比

關鍵字

黑色幽默、對比

並列摘要

The purpose of this research is to understand and discuss contrast feelings of black humor, changes of creative thinking applied to design products, and feasibility of its techniques. The contents include the following three parts: (1) First, to process the perceptive evaluation of conparative adjectives with examples of black humor to sum up contrast image space and conceptual structure. (2) The corresponding relationship between black humor samples and images (3) To transform designs of contrast images. (4) Proof of contrast image techniques. The major results are as follows:

The First Part：Contrast image spaces and conceptual structure
The contrast image space of black humor is composed of three elements, including “light and darkness of human nature,” “paradox and truth of consciousness,” and “calmness and agitation of emotion.”
The contrast image conceptual structure of black humor is composed of four groups, including “disconnected but normal humor which is used to mock at and satirize others,” “painful but funny humor that lets someone kick others when they are down,” “provoking but funny humor used to speak maliciously and ironically with nearly negative language,” and “humor that makes others anxious, nervous, and excited.”

The Second Part：The corresponding relationship between black humor samples and contrast images
Different types of black humor samples will make different contrast images due to difference of sarcastic topic and purpose, especially the image of “disconnected but normal humor which is used to mock at and satirize others” is inclined to the feeling of “calmness and agitation of emotion.”On the other hand, the image of “painful but funny humor that lets someone kick others when they are down” is inclined to the feeling of “light and darkness of human nature.” In addition, the images of “provoking but funny humor used to speak maliciously and ironically with nearly negative language” are inclined to the feeling of “paradox and truth of consciousness” as well as “calmness and agitation of emotion,”and those of “humor that makes others anxious, nervous, and excited” are inclined to “paradox and truth of consciousness.”

The Third Part：Design Transformation of Contrast Images
First of all, select four groups of contrast techniques from each group, including “unreasonable combination of exaggerating operation mode and paradoxical behaviors,” “application of abuse or painful, ridiculous, and illogical behaviors,” “aggressive and malicious behaviors,” and “unexpected, frightened, or exciting contrast movement,” to process contrast operation mode association of each group and to transform 12 black humor products from designs drawn by computer.

The Fourth Part：Proof of contrast image techniques
Based on the design technique, the contrast images of “painful but funny humor that lets someone kick others when they are down” and “provoking but funny humor used to speak maliciously and ironically with nearly negative language” are the easiest to produce black humor feeling. However, using the product sample of “humor that makes others anxious, nervous, and excited” is compelling and chanllenging, so evalutaion of “creativity” is the highest. Users have a pleasant feeling of doing wrong to others when using the sample product of “painful but funny humor that lets someone kick others when they are down”; thus, evaluation of “black humor” is the highest.

Key words: Black humor、Contrast

並列關鍵字

Black humor 、Contrast

參考文獻

11. Lampert, M. D., & Susan , M. E. (1998). Exploring paradigms: The study of genderand sense of humor near the end of the 20th century. In Willibald. Ruch( Eds. ),The Sense of Humor.(pp. 231-270). Berlin.. Druckerei Hidebrand.

16. Martin, R.A. (1998). Approaches to the sense of humor: A historical review. In Willibald Ruch.( Eds.),The sense of humor :explorations of a personality.

17. Eysenck, H. J. (1942). The appreciation of humor: An experimental and theoretical study. British Journal of Psychology, 32, 295-309.

18. Herzog, T. R., & Larwin, D. A. (1988). The Appreciation of Humor in Captioned Cartoons. The Journal of Psychology, 122(6), 597-607.

1. 國立彰化師範大學國文學系-修辭方式，http://163.23.202.1/rhetoric/figures.htm#15。