探討喪偶老年婦女之孤寂感及其因應歷程

To Explore The Loneliness Experience and The Coping Process of The Elderly Widows.

林佩儀(Pei-yi Lin)

指導教授 ： 楊其璇 ； 陳筱瑀

中臺科技大學/護理學院/護理研究所/碩士(2009年)

摘要

摘要
全球人口老化，女性平均餘命延長，使得男女平均壽命差距擴大，因此老年婦女喪偶的普遍性已逐漸形成。在面臨多重失落之下，回歸社區後若沒有足夠的支持，將導致老年婦女產生孤寂感受、遭受孤立、及影響對生命意義之看法。本研究目的為探討喪偶老年婦女之孤寂感與其因應歷程。本研究設計採質性研究法，以深度訪談收集資料，針對台灣中部地區某社區之喪偶老年婦女做為研究對象。研究期間自2008年10月至2009年05月以滾雪球方法進行，共收案9位老年喪偶婦女。根據Colaizzi（1978）內容分析法進行資料分析。研究結果發現，喪偶老年婦女之孤寂感的四個主要主題，包括：「空虛」、「隔閡」、「威脅」以及「感應」。其因應歷程的三個主要主題，包括：「掙脫孤寂枷鎖，解放內心出口」、「危機與轉機間震盪」、「持續修復」。研究結果增進對喪偶老年婦女孤寂感之了解，並得知個案能藉由自我調適與自我管理中，掙脫孤寂。此結果提供社區護理人員洞悉喪偶老年婦女之孤寂感受，藉由提供老年婦女健康相關照護，協助喪偶老年婦女回復規律生活。

關鍵字

因應 ； 質性研究 ； 喪偶老年婦女 ； 孤寂感

並列摘要

Abstract
The elderly population has increased dramatically worldwide. According to the female’s life expectancy longer than the male, the elderly widows are exceptionally increasing. They are confronted multiple losses, suffered isolation and affected the viewpoint of the life meaning. It is important to provide support in order to prevent their loneliness following returning to community. The purpose of this study is to explore the loneliness experience and the coping process of the elderly widows. This is a qualitative study. Data were collected from October 2008 to May 2009 through in-depth interview. A snowballing sampling of 9 elderly widows who were living in the community in the central Taiwan was recruited. Data were analyzed based on Colaizzi’s methodology (1978). The results show that the elderly widows’ loneliness experiences are categorized into four themes, including emptiness, estrangement, threat and response. Furthermore, the coping process are categorized into three main themes, including getting rid of the fetters of loneliness and relieving heart export, swinging between crisis and turning point, and continuing recovery. This study provides essential information to community nurses involved in care for the elder widows. Consequently, it is expected that they can far away from loneliness through self-adjustment and self-management, and return to regular life by providing better women health related care.

並列關鍵字

elderly widows ； coping ； qualitative research ； loneliness

參考文獻

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