世界頂尖男、女桌球運動員比賽攻防技術與成績表現之研究

The Study of the Attack-Defend Skills and Performances of the Elite in Table Tennis Contests

陳金海(King-Hai Chen)

《大專體育學刊》 6卷1期 (2004/02) Pp. 169-180

https://doi.org/10.5297/ser.200402_6(1).0013

摘要

本研究目的在探討世界頂尖男、女桌球運動員在單打比賽中各段攻防技術得分率對成績表現的預測效果，並比較不同性別在桌球各段攻防技術之差異性。本文以2000年11月至2001年7月間參加各國桌球公開賽前四強之41名優秀運動員（男子21名，女子20名）為研究對象，比賽場次共計50場（男子26場，女子24場）為研究範圍，以桌球比賽攻防技術統計表為研究工具，所得資料以逐步多元迴歸分析、獨立樣本t檢定進行統計分析。根據研究結果獲得以下結論：一、正手側相持能力段得分率、反手側相持能力段得分率、正手側發球搶攻段得分率、正手側接發球搶攻段得分率、反手側接發球搶攻段得分率為男子成績表現的有效預測變項；反手側接發球搶攻段得分率、正手側相持能力段得分率、正手側發球搶攻段得分率、正手側接發球搶攻段得分率、反手側相持能力段得分率為女子成績表現的有效預測變項。二、桌球各段攻防技術使用率的部份變項在不同性別間達顯著差異，男子運動員在正手側相持能力段使用率顯著高於女子運動員，而在反手側發球搶攻段使用率、反手側接發球搶攻段使用率則顯著低於女子運動員；桌球各段攻防技術得分率在不同性別間則無顯著差異。

關鍵字

桌球 ； 攻防技術 ； 發球搶攻 ； 接發球搶攻 ； 相持能力

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to probe each attack-defend skill of the elite table tennis players in the singles games. The scoring rate of each attack-defend skill was used to predict the outcomes in the contest and compare with the differences between male and female players. The research participants of this study are 41 excellent athletes, including 21 males and 20 females, who attended the country's table tennis open tournament from November, 2000 to July, 2001 and finished within top four. The study covered 50 contests, including 26 male contests and 24 female contests. A statistical table of attack-defend skill is used as tool to predict how many scores they get or lose. At the same time, we also use the methods of stepwise regression, and independent test to analyze the outcome. The results of this research are as follows: 1. The forehand side scoring percentage in the rally capacity part, the backhand side scoring percentage in the rally capacity part, the forehand side scoring percentage in the serve-then-attack part, the forehand side scoring percentage in the receive-then-attack part, and the backhand side scoring percentage in the receive-then-attack part were effective predictors of male players' performance. The backhand side scoring percentage in receive-then-attack part, the forehand side scoring percentage in the rally capacity part, the forehand side scoring percentage in the serve-then-attack part, the forehand side scoring percentage in the receive-then-attack part, and the backhand side scoring percentage in the rally capacity part were effective predictors of male player's performance. 2. There are obvious differences in some parts of each attack-defend skill's scoring rate between the genders. Male athletes rate of using forehand side in the rally capacity part are higher than for females. On the other hand, females' rates of using backhand side in the serve-then-attack part and backhand side in receive-then-attack part are higher than for males. We can't see significant differences of each attack-defend scoring rate in different genders.

並列關鍵字

table tennis ； attack-defend skill ； serve-then-attack ； receive-then-attack ； rally capacity

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