區域性毀滅性災難醫療表單－災難應變計劃

Medical Instruction Sheets for Regional Catastrophic Disaster-Disaster Response Plans

董恕平(Shu-Ping Tung) ； 王立敏(Lee-Min Wang) ； 蕭志界(Chi-Jei Shiao) ； 張玉喆(Yu-Che Chang) ； 羅鴻彰(Hong-Chang Lo) ； 黃俊一(Chun-I Huang) ； 李建賢(Chen-Hsen Lee)

《Journal of Emergency Medicine, Taiwan》 6卷4期 (2004/12) Pp. 382-402

摘要

近年來世界各地天災人禍不斷。對於層出不窮的災難事件以及伴隨而來的混亂，醫療人員對事件該如何依序進行評估及處理？我們設計一套供區域性毀滅性災難的醫療應變方案。使用簡單清楚的表單來作為平時災難事件演練或超越當地醫療負荷之意外事件時，所需採取的行動清單。編成包含五大項目（時期）醫療表單，主要分成五種，檢查表、監督表、評估表、審核表及資源調查表。我們引進知識管理系統的觀念，將流程圖及細部注意事項匯集成「視覺結構圖」，可供醫療指揮系統使用。以視覺結構圖取代冗長的文章、表格或是流程圖的介紹，以利各樣行前任務宣達或事後檢討。同時也提倡救災行動的初期，就應該迅速組成事件指揮體系。將事情分層負責，讓各部門發揮其應有的功能，祈分工合作，達成救援目標。未來遇到災難發生時，可使用此表單以利救災工作進行，在平時若遇演習或災難醫學教育時，亦可使用此表評估災難演習或災難醫學教育的進行狀況及醫護人員對災難處理的準備情形。

關鍵字

災難 ； 醫療嚴重指標 ； 視覺結構圖 ； 災難醫療應變計畫 ； 醫療應變表單 ； 事件指揮系統

並列摘要

In past few decades, natural calamities and man-made misfortunes frequently happened in the world. How do we face up to disaster? We must realize the nature of disaster and managements of disaster events. We have designed these medical response plans for managing regional catastrophic disaster. We introduce the concept of knowledge management system. It assembles many flow charts, several special notes to a visual and architectonic format. We suggest a simple and clear instruction sheet as the action list when we face disaster or drills of disaster during ordinary time. Medical instruction sheets can be divided as five kinds of sheets, such as checklist, monitor sheet, evaluation sheet, auditor sheet and resource worksheet. These five kinds of sheets can make descriptions and comments about the whole process. So, we can step by step integrate persons and materials, medical and non-medical resources to make the most effective application. In the future, we can use medical instruction sheets of disaster response plans as our guidelines and each different level of public health workers can choose these instruction sheets which are suitable for themselves to evaluate the process of disaster drills or disaster events. By means of the education of disaster medicine, health care workers can minimize the impact and damage of disaster.

並列關鍵字

disaster ； medical severe index ； visual and architectonic format ； disaster response plans ； medical instruction sheets ； incident command system