透過您的圖書館登入
IP:3.238.142.134
  • 期刊

視障者定向行動輔具之研究

The Adaptive Equipments of Orientation and Mobility

摘要


定向行動輔具多從國外進口,除價格昂貴之外也未必符合視障者需要,因此,本研究試圖以國內現有輔具作基礎,以問卷調查視障者在定向行動訓練方面究竟需要什麽輔助器材,然後以座談會方式,讓在臺灣師範大學修習定向行動課程之教師,以創意法則彼此腦力激盪,提出一些輔具,並以重要性和可行性作考量,挑選出五十種必要之輔具,並嘗試以其中三種讓學生試用,效果尚稱滿意,惟仍須加以改良。 本研究結果顯示,目前定向行動訓練較急需且可行的輔具有: 1.獨走技能方面共五種:有聲衛星導航器、紅外線直線行走練習器、立體模型、史氏板、軌跡輪。 2.手杖技能方面共十一種:長杖、摺疊式手杖、伸縮式手杖、變形手杖(橢圓形、長方形、圓形、梯形)、輪子手杖、雷射手杖、盲用導盲器、手杖指南針、手杖求助器、光源探測手杖、擺幅練習器。 3.空間定向方面共二種:音源辨識器(八個方位)、有聲指南針。 4.生活自理方面共三十二種:指南針手表、收音機、有聲時鐘、語音溫度計、語音體溫計、水高測知器、下雨警報器、有色眼鏡(墨鏡)、點字手錶、有聲手表、盲用錄音機(聽讀索引卡帶)、顔色偵測器、各種形狀色彩鈕扣、放大鏡、放大鏡燈、放大鏡手電筒、望遠鏡、望遠眼鏡、有聲盲用字典、大字體字典、點字標示器、求助器、口袋型盲用電腦、多功能電子筆記本、盲用口袋型數位錄音機、盲用有聲洗衣烘幹機、盲用廚具、防熱手套、光源測知器、有聲體重機、點字定時器、點字卷尺。 三種定向行動輔具初步試用結果: 1.擺幅練習器:以個人身寬為主,自己決定擺幅寬度,持杖敲打二十下,評量能擊中多少個正確點。練習前平均可以擊中15下,經過二個月練習後,可以擊中17下。因可以發出聲音而更具趣味性。但假如能和自動計數器結合,應更有效率且更增樂趣,值得推廣。 2.紅外線直線行走練習器:蒙眼持杖行走十五公尺,評量其是屬於向右偏向或向左偏向,且偏多少公分。練習前偏向平均為71公分,經二個月練習後,偏向平均為23公分。至於次數分配方面原來偏向在50公分以內的有59位,超過50公分的有51位,練習後偏向在50公分以內的增爲97位,在50公分以上的僅有13位,為此練習器效果不錯值得推廣。 3.有聲指南針手杖:來回行走共三十公尺,評量是否能走回原點(誤差在一公尺以內)。練習前只有9位可以回到原點,練習之後110人中,可以回到原點的人數增為93位,只有17位無法回到原點,效果不錯,但因手杖在地面敲打,是否影響指南針功能尚待測試。

並列摘要


Orientation is the ability to use one's remaining senses to understand one's location in the environment at any give time. Mobility is the capacity student's gender, intelligence level, and particular needs. The orientation and mobility instructor has the primary role in providing mobility instruction in the traditional sense. However, others also have major responsibilities in helping the student to lean and use these skills. With older students, the instructor becomes the primary teacher and the parents monitor some techniques and provide encouragement, support, and follow-up training. The concept of over-learning is important for any motor skill. Motor skill, therefore, are the predicates to efficient mobility. But without proper orientation skill, one's mobility will be limited. The adaptive equipments of orientation and mobility of programs aimed at increasing the abilities and independence of people who are blind or visually impaired. Modern technology has made possible the development of many sensory aids. Which augment or replace a sense that has been lost or diminished. In this program appropriate adaptive aids are used to increase the blind person's productivity and to enhance his or her participation in orientation and mobility situations.

被引用紀錄


賴妤甄(2013)。盲用手杖設計〔碩士論文,國立臺北科技大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6841%2fNTUT.2013.00487
楊玉儀(2009)。資深定向行動師對定向行動教學問題與因應策略之經驗探討〔碩士論文,中原大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6840%2fcycu200901071
張秋燕(2006)。視覺障礙者定向行動之運動知覺訓練研究〔碩士論文,國立臺灣師範大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0021-0712200716123734

延伸閱讀