從容天圻之琴曲〈歸去來兮辭〉看文人琴的藝術精神

容天圻先生(1936-1994)是當代古琴家與書畫名家，其指畫作品在臺灣當代文人畫壇中備受中外人士所推崇；而容先生亦以古琴聞名遐邇，其於1963年曾親炙於胡瑩堂先生門下，得其薪傳，爾後，又與梅庵派大師吳宗漢先生相善，以知音互許，兼習其琴曲（〈玉樓春曉〉），故其琴曲兼有琴界兩位大師之長。容先生亦曾監製古琴十餘張，並收藏〈秋月〉與〈飛霞珮〉等老琴；且曾撰有關於古琴的文章45篇，分別載錄於《庸齋談藝錄》(1964))、《藝人與藝事》(1968)、《畫餘隨筆》（1970初版、1974再版）、《談藝續錄》(1975)及《東方雜誌》、《故宮文物月刊》及諸報章、雜誌等，其中對琴論、琴譜版本及琴曲之比較、考證和研究皆不遺餘力。此外，容先生彈奏之琴曲有錄音帶與錄影帶保存，且清晰可辨者有〈關山月〉、〈秋風辭〉、〈玉樓春曉〉、〈醉漁唱晚〉、〈空山憶故人〉、〈陽關三疊〉、〈歸去來兮辭〉……等，皆有其獨具之風格與特色。今本文特以容天圻先生參酌數本琴譜，親自打譜之作－琴曲〈歸去來兮辭〉來看其傳承古代文人琴的藝術精神與生命境界，而爲使先生彈奏此曲的特色與風格明朗化，乃透過其對此曲譜例之打譜詮釋，加上其同名畫作來參照，以見其撫琴之技巧與意境，使今人更能體認容先生之古琴造詣與貢獻。

關鍵字

容天圻；古琴；歸去來兮辭；文人藝術

並列摘要

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the inheritance of Chinese literati's Guqin in modern Taiwan through a review of the Guqin music by Rong Tian-qui (1936-1994), a well-known Guqin player, calligrapher and Chinese painter. Mr. Rong had learned Guqin music with Masters Hu Ying-Tang and Wu Zong-Han. He had made more than 14 pieces of Guqin and written 45 articles about Guqin. Throughout his whole life, he had devoted a great deal of effort and time to the study of Guqin theories and to the comparative analyses of various versions of Guqin music and music scores. Today, we still can retrieve tapes and videos that vividly recorded the breathtaking performances of Guqin by Mr. Rong himself. Based on his performance of the ancient Guqin music Gui Qu Lai Xi Ci, which was video-taped in 1990, and the painting he painted of the same title, the author will illustrate his outstanding performing skills and his artistic conception of Guqin music, hoping to help modern people to understand and appreciate the accomplishments and contributions that Mr. Rong had left us.