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  • 學位論文

政黨輪替後的海外僑教政策,2000-2010

The Policy of Overseas Chinese Education After the Alternation of Power, 2000-2010

指導教授 : 蕭全政
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摘要


中國人向海外移植,歷史悠久,現今各國,或多或少均有僑民旅居外國,但比人數之多,散佈之廣,則無出中國人之右,我國自民國建立以來即有僑務機構服務僑民、推廣僑教,縱使國共內戰後,兩岸政府因台灣海峽之分隔而分治,但其對華僑之爭取及推動僑教之努力 台灣的海外僑教政策基本係沿襲1949年以前之模式,觀察僑教政策在台灣施行迄今,政策變遷幅度最大的時期應是2000年迄今近十年的變化,除受國內外政經環境影響外,兩次政黨輪替後執政者對政策核心及目的、施行的對象及地區之不同亦牽動政策變遷方向。茲以政策變遷,隱含特殊的政經條件與因果脈絡,本研究以此為研究範圍,分析兩次政黨輪替後僑教政策的轉變。 根據研究結果發現,政黨輪替是影響政策變遷之觸媒,但非最主要因素,僑教政策所座落的政體結構發生變動,雖會影響僑教政策的目的及內容,但政策最終還是受到制度與環境的影響,其次觀察政黨輪替前後之僑教政策,不同階段之僑務核心固然有所轉變,但僑教政策仍在既有的制度及架構下推動,具有延續性特色,縱使有所變遷,也僅是調整其資源的配置或政策工具的改變。另針對馬總統上任後,所提出之「僑務休兵」,是否為台灣現階段推動僑務政策最佳選項?兩岸僑教政策有無合作的必要及空間?本研究認為僑教事務之政治意涵較低,推動較無阻力,因此政府推動「僑務休兵」,應以僑教工作為切入點,但推動的前提仍應在和平對等之原則下,逐步與對岸發展合作模式,惟因中國在兩岸關係上,仍存有傳統的統戰思維,我方除應審慎外,應體認「合作無法取代競爭」原則,持續發展既有之優勢及強項,方能在全球華文市場中佔有一席之地。

並列摘要


Chinese immigration enjoys a long history and they are of the highest number in ethnic communities worldwide. The two sides of the Taiwan Strait now endeavor to promote overseas Chinese education despite the political split, and the policy of overseas Chinese education in Taiwan basically applies the mode used prior to 1949. To date, the greatest policy change is found within this past decade (2000-2010), when the power alternation occurred twice. In addition to politics and economy, the factors that cause policy change include policy objectives in which the parties in power focus on. This thesis analyzes the policy change regarding overseas Chinese education after the 1st and 2nd power alternation. Results show that power alternation is not the major factor but the catalyst for policy change. Although policy change came after the power alternation, it is actually mostly subject to the system and circumstances. Moreover, despite the shift in policy core at different stages, it is still being carried forward based on the existing framework, namely the continuation of policy. The change is after all the adjustment in resource allocation. Is President Ma’s strategy of “Truce on Expatriate Affairs” the best choice? Is cooperation with mainland China needed in order for the policy to succeed? This study concludes such policy involves little political implications and controversies. Overseas education ought to be taken as a breakthrough point on the basis of equality in fulfilling Ma’s strategy and gradually develop cooperation with mainland China. We should meanwhile be aware of China’s aggressiveness and be prudent. Bear in mind “cooperation does not displace competition” and keep making the most of our advantages to get a foothold in the world Mandarin stage.

參考文獻


張之豪,2008。《中國與東協國家區域整合的政治經濟分析》,國立台灣大學政治學
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