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  • 學位論文

衝擊產生器的設計參數與其響應頻譜探討

Investigation of the Design Parameters and Its Response Spectrum of a Shock Generator

指導教授 : 翁宗賢

摘要


電子零件在量產前皆需經過衝擊認證,目的在於測試電子零件接腳處是否會因工作環境中的衝擊而造成脫落、斷裂或失效。在進行衝擊測試時所使用的衝擊測試原理主要有固定波型衝擊法與衝擊響應頻譜法(Shock Response Spectrum, SRS),其中前者在衝擊作用時間與波形振幅的匹配調控上較為困難,且只能考慮單一波形與單一頻率的情況,較不具一般性,因而近來衝擊響應頻譜法是廣為接受的測試方法。 衝擊響應頻譜法是將真實環境的受衝擊系統模擬成單自由度彈簧阻尼振動系統,並推導在特定的激勵源下,不同自然頻率系統所能承受的最大加速度值,進一步將其作圖即可得衝擊響應頻譜圖。因此若能設計一衝擊產生器,使該衝擊產生器所產生的衝擊響應頻譜,能涵蓋真實環境中之衝擊所對應的衝擊響應頻譜,如此一來便可利用此衝擊產生器取代成本昂貴的衝擊測試機台。 以炸藥作為激勵源的衝擊產生器,可以極低的設備與操作成本產生相當理想的衝擊響應頻譜,幾乎包絡了真實環境的衝擊響應頻譜。然而該衝擊產生器經實驗測試後,會有多處應變過大與炸藥乘載座變形之情況,其中前者會減短衝擊產生器壽命,後者則不利於衝擊產生器的二次使用,且該衝擊產生器重複使用二次後即斷裂。由於此衝擊產生器具簡單與低成本的絕對優勢,有一定量的使用需求,故在整體設計有改善的必要。本文針對前述的衝擊產生器原型進行構件的關鍵尺寸探討,由ANSYS LS-DYNA摹擬的動態響應找出更優良的尺寸參數;此外,亦依據改善後模型,給出MIL-STD 883E各衝擊規範的對應炸藥使用量,使此衝擊產生器能更廣泛的應用於不同條件下的衝擊測試需求。

關鍵字

衝擊 響應頻譜 SRS ANSYS DYNA

並列摘要


Electronic components often demand impact certifications prior to mass production. The purpose of fulfilling impact test is to prevent component failures in various working environments. Typical half-sine or rectangular wave is employed as the shock pulse to simulate the shock in the real environment. Unfortunately, lots of shock waves are not so easily to carry out. They often consist of waves with various amplitudes over a wide span of frequencies. Consequently, the more general and accepted method in shock rests is the so-called Shock Response Spectrum (SRS). The essential of the SRS method is to model the shock system as a simple damped-spring-mass system of one degree-of-freedom. This dynamic system will response to a particular shock excitation with a maximum acceleration. The spectrum of the maximum accelerations for various natural frequencies of the system constitutes the SRS. If we can design a shock generator with its SRS covered the SRS of a real impact environment, then the cost and complexity of an impact facility can be largely reduced. Recently, Dr. Min-Han Chiu had developed an explosion-driven shock apparatus (called shock generator) which made the use of energetic material as the energy source at very low cost. The generator can even meet the condition G listed in MIL-STD-883E. However, experiments show that the apparatus broke down at the rod corner just after two test runs. Numerical simulations also evidence the existence of several over-stresses regions in the test rig. The simple and yet low cost shock generator deserves further improved design of its key dimensions, and hence its reliability, due to its possible wide applications. This thesis explores dimension parameters which influence the performances of the shock generator via numerical simulation. The software, ANSYS LS-DYNA, was used to compute the dynamic response of the system with various geometries subjected to the designated impact sources. The improved design of the shock generator would provide better performance and reliability than the original one. Moreover, this investigation will propose a precise amount of the explosive to drive the shock generator according to various shock specifications described in MIL-STD 883E.

並列關鍵字

shock response SRS shock conditions LS-DYNA

參考文獻


[10] 邱銘漢,抗震點火晶片研製,國立台灣大學,博士論文,民國97年7月。
[13] 陳宗湧,防爆門受衝擊載荷之數值分析,國立台灣大學,碩士論文,民國97年10月。
[1] Military Standard, MIL-STD-810F, Test Method Standard for Environment Engineering Considerations, US Dept. of Defense, 2000.
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被引用紀錄


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劉黃升(2012)。微型離心式加速度開關之設計與研製〔碩士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342%2fNTU.2012.01712
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曹大發(2010)。多層複合板之高速衝擊模擬〔碩士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342%2fNTU.2010.02188

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