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  • 學位論文

個人與學系興趣分數相似度測量與適配圖示之探討

On Assessing the Similarity between Person and Major RIASEC Profiles

指導教授 : 翁儷禎

摘要


Holland之興趣類型論強調人與環境的交互作用,測驗解釋也著重個人與生涯環境適配之探索。學者發現過去適配的測量指標與生涯成就之相關普遍不佳,建議應採用具良好效度之測驗工具,並發展理想的適配測量方法。為研議較佳的適配測量方法,本研究以三個子研究進行探討,主要目的乃為發展一個創新的學系適配圖示法,使個人藉由興趣分數得出合宜的適配學系。由於測驗工具符合理論架構是良好適配效果的重要前提,研究一以橫斷與縱貫式分析CEEC興趣量表之測驗資料,結果發現台灣學生的興趣結構不受世代與年齡成長的影響,穩定的符合Holland的興趣六角形模式。研究二以個人與學系的興趣分數相似度作為適配程度的考量,彙整多種相似度的測量方法,其中以距離D、相關r與角度θ等方法的正確率與預測率表現良好,本研究最為推薦;以z分數計算之距離Dz與角度θz,因其具空間圖示的實務功能,亦推薦使用。以圖示呈現學系適配乃符合新世代學生的閱讀需求,且有一覽多系的視覺優勢,研究三提出「角度與距離圖示法」,依個人與學系的興趣分數計算角度與距離,以極座標標記於圖上,個人位於圖示中心的極點,個人與學系的角度愈小表示愈適配,在相同角度下,距離愈小愈適配。效能分析發現角距圖能正確區分適配與不適配學類,也不受興趣分數一致性高低之影響,而能合宜的反映適配學系,顯示角距圖具有較佳的適配效能與生涯輔導實用價值。建議未來增加質性研究以檢驗角距圖之預測效度。

並列摘要


Holland’s hexagonal model emphasizes the congruence between interest types and environments. The interpretation of test results from interest inventory also focuses on the exploration of person-environment fit. Yet hexagonal congruence has been found to be a poor predictor of vocational outcomes. It has been suggested that well-validated instruments should be employed to verify Holland's theory and better measures of congruence ought to be developed. The purpose of this dissertation is to develop a new graphical representation of interest-major congruence and includes three studies using the CEEC Interest Inventory. Study 1 examines the hexagonal model of interest structure across cohorts and age. The test scores appeared to follow Holland’s simple circular hypothesis and the calculus hypothesis. Study 2 compares the performance of several frequently used measures of similarity between profiles in psychological research. Based on the degrees of match between profiles, the Euclidean distance, the angle, and the Pearson correlation between two profile vectors are highly recommended. The Euclidean distance and the angle computed from standardized interest scores are also recommended considering their superior display in the geometric space. Study 3 developed a new graphical representation of person-environment fit, called the Plot of Angle and Distance, to illustrate the fit between individual interest profile and major profiles. The individual is located at the center of the pole and the location of each major is decided by the angle and the distance between the individual profile vector and that of the majors. Small angles and shorter distances indicate better congruence between the person and the major. The new graphical method performs well even with interest profiles of low consistency. Future qualitative research on this new proposed method should be conducted to further investigate its validity

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