宏觀車流理論下的出發時間及停車選擇均衡模型與停車策略研究

萬平盟

doi:10.6342/NTU202002737

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宏觀車流理論下的出發時間及停車選擇均衡模型與停車策略研究

Parking Policy Based on Departure Time and Parking Choices Equilibrium Model with Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram

萬平盟 , Masters　　Advisor：坂井勝哉　　

英文 DOI： 10.6342/NTU202002737

出發時間選擇；路邊停車；停車方式選擇；宏觀車流理論；旅行成本均衡； Departure time choice ； Curbside parking ； Parking choice ； MFD ； Equilibrium

Abstract │ Reference (58) │ Altmetrics

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Recently, parking problems become more serious because the number of owning cars is increasing but a number of park-able lands are still the same. Hence, some governments tried to increase the parking capacity by allowing the side of the road to be park-able which is called “Curbside parking”. It’s important to have good management in this parking to avoid the congestion caused by competition.
	This paper develops a departure time choice and parking choice equilibrium model, based on the assumptions: (1) There are only 2 types of the parking lot to park; curbside parking and garage parking (2) Travel cost of every parker is including the times of driving, schedule delay and parking toll, (3) The probability to find a vacant space of curbside parking can be described by Arnott’s model (2017) and (4) Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram based traffic congestion: the vehicles’ speed in the network has the reverse variation with the accumulation. The equilibrium is calculated by a Method of Successive Average algorithm. Then, the policy from varied curbside parking fees and capacity will be carried out by choosing from the policy strategy that gives the lowest social cost which refers to it can give the highest benefit.
	The flow pattern will be changed when the curbside parking fee and capacity are varied. When the curbside parking fee is clearly lower than the garage parking fee or capacity, the drivers tend to depart earlier to reach the cheaper parking lot. They will own a penalty cost from the schedule cost. On the other hand, if both parking fees are not too different the drivers will depart almost the same time which causes congestion which extends the driver’s travel time. When the travel time has less impact, the curbside parking fee and capacity need to be increased.

Reference ( 58 ) 〈TOP〉

Alroth, W., 1999, Parking and terminals. In Transportation Engineering Handbook, 5th edn. Washington DC: Institute of Transportation Engineers.
Anderson, S. and A. de Palma., 2004, The economics of pricing parking. Journal of Urban Economics, 55, 1-20.
Anderson, S. and A. de Palma., 2007, Parking in the city. Papers in Regional Science, 86, 621-632.
Arnott, R., A. de Palma and R. Lindsey, 1992, A temporal and spatial equilibrium analysis of commuter parking. Journal of Public economics, 45, 301 -335.
Arnott, R. and M. Kraus., 2003, Principles of transportation economics. In R.W. Hall, ed., Handbook of Transportation Science, 2nd edn. Berlin: Springer, pp. 689-726.

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