城市再生的在地疑旨與領域政治：臺南五條港區再生的文化展演

臺南市素有文化古都之名，近年發展愈發重視文化觀光。臺南城市的文化想像構築於舊稱「府城」的歷史地位，動員特定的時代與地理範疇。早時，五條港一帶連結臺江內海，形成港貿進出口的主要市街，繁盛一時，今日仍是公私共作的文化治理重心。本研究檢視臺南市政府政策的變化、民間行動的轉向，並關注五條港區正興街、新美街與信義街的街區再生經驗，分析以日常論述建構的臺南文化，如何於實作中確保行動者所認知的日常存續或消損，並浮現不同行動者滿是矛盾與衝突的再領域化想望。本研究首先探析今日臺南城市訴求以人情為主體的互動，於何種時代背景產生。再關注現代社會對於臺南的文化主張，包含官方治理手段的轉向、民間組織及街區社群的共作，如何成就臺南為觀光客趨之若騖、爭相體驗的旅遊城市。接著，探討臺南賴以維生的文化基礎，於觀光發展、投資力量進駐後，又如何產生消逝危機。伴隨觀光化而來的縉紳化爭議，令曾共同施力賦予舊城新價值的文化實踐者，受上漲地租所苦，不得不為免受排除於城市之外而奮力抵抗。各街區為守護形塑自我又受自我所建構的地方，衍伸外來者與在地人身份的區隔，藉以標識領域界線。群眾再領域行動創製的生活範圍，造就日常角色新的展演表現。行動者以日常詮釋臺南城市文化，然而，日常充滿彈性、照看各個面向，無法全知及掌握，行動者滿是機智應變卻也難免失控，逐漸受制於市場。本研究看見文化實踐行動者如何隨變動的日常持續轉化作為，力求積極應對。此外，街區的對抗行動不僅是透過以街為尺度的地理範疇，確保領域間自身權力運作的維繫，更是強烈且積極地想望中，將街作為社會運動的抵抗空間，創造以文化價值為認同主張的新途徑。

關鍵字

地方；縉紳化；領域化；再領域化；文化展演；臺南

並列摘要

Tainan City was know as a historical cultural capital, and there has been increasing emphasis on cultural tourism in recent years. The cultural imagination of Tainan city is built on the historical status of the old name "Fu Cheng", and mobilizing specific eras and geographical scope. In the early days, the Old Five Channels area connected the Taijiang Inner Sea and with the inland settlements and formed the main city street for import and export. Today, it has also become the focus of the cultural governance field of public and private cooperation. This research focuses on the street block regeneration of Zhengxing Street, Xinmei Street and Xinyi Street in Old Five Channels area, analyzing the changes in Tainan City government’s policies and the turn of civil action to discuss how the Tainan culture constructed with “daily” discourse ensures daily existence or loss perceived by the actors’ in their practice. It is realized that the perceptions and the practices of “daily” from different actors are full of contradictions and conflicts. This research first explores the ways in which Tainan city has increasingly capitalized on the nostalgic humane interaction and sentiment of the city. Then, the research focuses on how the cultural claims of modern society towards Tainan city, including the shift of official governance methods and the joint work of non-governmental organizations and community communities, makes Tainan a tourist city where tourists are eager and eager to experience. Next, the research discusses how Tainan’s cultural foundation for survival encounters the crisis of disappearance after the development of tourism and investment forces. The controversy of gentrification that accompanies tourism has made cultural practitioners who have worked together to give new values to the old city suffering from rising land rents and have to fight to avoid being excluded from the city. The actions of each street block are in order to protect the place where oneself is formed and constructed. Each street block creates a distinction between the identity of outsiders and locals, marking the boundaries of the field. By the actions of the masses, the living area created by the people, and the new performance of daily roles in the production. The urban culture of Tainan was interpreted in daily life by actors, however, the daily life is full of flexibility, taking care of all aspects, unable to know and master. The civic society responds to changes with wits and tactics, but has been inevitably restrained by and yielded to the real estate market. The research sees how cultural practice actors in this process continue to transform with changes in daily life, and strive to actively respond. In addition, the antagonistic actions of the street blocks not only ensure the maintenance of its own power in the territory through the geographical scope of the street, but also, in a stronger and more active hope, use the street as a resistance space for social movements and create new ways to advocate identity with cultural values.