形塑分裂社會的制度認同－多數決困境下我國立法程序的再造

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doi:10.6342/NTU.2010.01095

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形塑分裂社會的制度認同－多數決困境下我國立法程序的再造

BUILDING INSTITUTIONAL IDENTITY FOR A DIVIDED SOCIETY: THE RECONSTRUCTION OF LEGISLATIVE PROCESS UNDER MAJORITARIAN PREDICAMENT

賈文宇 , Masters　　Advisor：葉俊榮　　

繁體中文 DOI： 10.6342/NTU.2010.01095

分裂社會；多數決；協合民主；審議民主；統合論；順應論；國會；民主；正當程序；制度認同； divided society ； majority rule ； consociational democracy ； deliberative democracy ； accomodation ； integration ； Congress ； democracy ； due process ； institutional identity

Abstract │ Reference (386) │ Times Cited (2) │ Altmetrics

Abstract 〈TOP〉

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With a series of constitutional amendments and the two-turnover test, the democratization of Taiwan in the past twenty years has been generally considered succeceful. However, the democratization is a mixed blessing which brings not only democratic achievement, but also political distrust and irrational confrontation among the politicians and civil society. These maladies ofen lead to decisions made upon neither concesus nor rational basis, which would undermines the quality of governance and result in a setback of democracy. Therefore, to better the decision-making process becomes an essential to modify the perturbation of setback of democracy.

This thesis analizes democratic theories and the social context of Taiwan in Charpter 2. First, I argue that the political distrust and comfrontation mainly originate from the antagonism between the authoritarian regime and the anti-authoritarian movement, which focuses on the issues and relevant policies of national identy, ethnical relationships, transitional justice and the distribution of political power. As a result, Taiwan meets the standard of “divided society”as a system of segamental cleavages which lacks of political competition in majority rule and makes minority permanently under domination－circumstance I call“majoritarian predicament”. To overcome this predicament, I suggest the combination theory of consociational democracy and deliberative democracy, then extracting three guiding principles: utmost participation, through and through deliberation, and power-sharing.

In Charpter 3, I identify the Legislative Yuan (congress) as the most competence branch to realize the three principles under the Constitution and the social context; meanwhile, democracy and due process as constitutional values could be the basis for the constitutionality of institution design according to the three principles. Then in Charpter 4, I examine the current legislative process with these principles and then advise a“consociational-deliberative process”to reconstruct the legislative process targeting on motion-proposing, deliberation and voting then realizing utmost participation, throung and through deliberation and power-sharing.

Finally, I conclude my thesis in three dimensions in Charpter 5. From the normative aspect, I reexamine the constitutionality of the process and clearify its relation with veto, judicial review and referendum; second, the institutional aspect, with foreign experiences and Taiwan context, I evaluate the consociational-deliberative process from the aspect of “institutional identity”to assess if this process can reach consensus and make rational decision, which may create identity to each policy and this decision-making mechanism; last but not least, I raise some theoretical suggestions base on the study of Taiwan. I make my conclusion in Charpter 6.

Reference ( 386 ) 〈TOP〉

Berelson, B., Lazarsfeld, P. & McPhee, W. (1954), Voting: A Study Of Opinion Formation In A Presidential Campaign, Ch.14，收錄於呂亞力、吳乃德編譯，《民主理論選讀》，台北：風雲論壇(1993)。
連結：
Heywood, A.著，楊日青等譯(二版，2009)，《政治學新論》，台北：韋伯。
連結：
Sørensen, G.著，李酉潭、陳志瑋譯(2003)，《最新民主與民主化》，台北：韋伯。
連結：
王甫昌(2008)，〈族群政治議題在台灣民主化轉型中的角色〉，《台灣民主季刊》第5卷2期。
連結：
司法院大法官解釋釋字第250號解釋。
連結：

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