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  • 學位論文

台灣綠鑽石(檳榔)產業與發展策略之研究──以屏東縣為例

A Study on Taiwan’s Green Diamond (Betal nut) Industry:A Case Study in Ping-Tung County

指導教授 : 羅竹平

摘要


檳榔是台灣重要經濟作物之一,檳榔產業在台灣農業發展超過40年以上歷史,它也為台灣創造了新的經濟奇蹟,甚至被封為長在樹上的綠鑽石之高經濟價值作物。2011年,檳榔總產值超過80億元新台幣,僅次於稻米,屏東縣檳榔產值佔27億元。近年來檳榔產業每況愈下,檳榔農的收入一年比一年少,主要是政府對於檳榔產業以三不政策(不禁止、不鼓勵、不輔導)方式冷面處理,更宣導檳榔對於身體是有害之物,導致年輕消費者與中壯年紀的消費者紛紛戒掉嚼檳榔的習慣,使得嚼食檳榔者變少,影響產業的供需效應。 有鑑於此,本研究之目的是瞭解屏東縣檳榔農民對於目前檳榔產業之概況與未來之前景,把主要的研究焦點聚集在屏東縣之檳榔農上。當面臨檳榔產業的前景不如往年,要如何採取措施且改善農民的收益,替檳榔農尋找出入,以檳榔園棄園轉作其他種水果之果樹為研究。此研究會採用問卷調查方式,透過田野訪談農民對於產業的意見,再分析問卷,以敘述性統計分析、信度分析、變異數分析為分析方法,探討檳榔農對於產業的看法。 依本研究結果,目前種植檳榔的農民年齡約50歲以上,男性居多,且從事檳榔產業為11年以上 – 30年以下佔超過6成,種植面積以小面積為主,約小於1公頃之台灣平均農戶面積,超過8成的農民都交託給靑子行來販售檳榔。2012年檳榔總收入平均以27.4萬元,增長約1萬元左右。根據本文之實證結果,農民對於檳榔產業未來發展看法,7成以上感到非常的憂心與產業前途面臨坎坷。屏東是一個最適合種植水果的平原,基於目前種植檳榔地區的土壤也非常適合果樹發展,故檳榔農認為適合轉作之5種水果分別依順序鳳梨、芒果、香蕉、木瓜、蓮霧。

關鍵字

檳榔 綠鑽石 轉作 水果 敘述性統計

並列摘要


Betal nut is one of Taiwan's major economic crops, this industry has been over 40 years of history, creates new Taiwan economic miracle and name as the green diamond grown on the tree with high economic value crops. In 2011, the betal nut output value is more than 8 billion NT dollars, ranked second after rice and Pingtung County’s betal nut accounts for 2.7 billion NT dollar of output value. In the recent years, Betal nut industry is declining and the farmers’ income are lower than preious years. Government plays a major role in betal nut industry which use the 3 Nos policy (not prohibited, not encourage, not counseling) to deal with problems and also advocating betel nut can be harmful for the human body, as result that few young generation will not be able to chew betal nut and older generation quits betal nut then fewer betal nut consumers will affect the industry’s supply and demand. Therefore, this study’s goal is aiming to understand the Pingtung county betel nut farmers’ overview of the current and future prospects of the industry, the main focus of research is gathered Pingtung county betel nut farmers’ opinion. When betal nut industry is facing difficulty for the future, then the aim is how to help farmer to find a way to improve income. This purpose of this study is when the betal nut farm demolished and what type of fruit will farmers willing to caltivate again. The study will use questionnaire survey, interview farmers’ opinion of industry, re-analysis questionnaire as descriptive statistics analysis, reliability analysis, and analysis of variance. According to the empirical results, the current betel nut farmers age group is over 50 years old, mostly men, and has been in the industry for more than 11 years - 30 years, the planting is by small scale less than 1 hectare of Taiwan average household land size. By year 2012, the farmers’ average income is about 274 thousand NT dollars which indicate 10 thousand increased. In the study, the farmers’ view for the future betal nut industry, over 70 percent of them are worried about the future of the industry. Pingtung is the most suitable for fruit cultivation and land is very suitable and fertile for development. Based on farmers’ consideration of transferring plantation/cultivation from betal nut to the top 5 fruits, the top 5 choices will be in sequence as pineapple, mango, banana, papaya, wax apple.

參考文獻


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被引用紀錄


傅民雄(2016)。屏東平原檳榔產業轉型的困境與因應之研究:以竹田鄉為例〔碩士論文,國立屏東科技大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0042-1805201714170107

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