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  • 學位論文

公共自行車系統站點區位優化之研究―以屏東縣為例

The Improvement Strategies of Rental Stations of Public Bike System in Pingtung

指導教授 : 張學孔

摘要


隨著氣候變遷以及能源短缺問題日漸嚴重,各國對於環境保護以及永續發展議題日趨重視並積極推廣公共運輸系統以及綠色出行。其中,自行車在綠色運輸發展的進程中扮演著先驅的角色,其低碳、短程高移動性的特性使其除了休閒遊憩與運動健身之功能外,亦能提供民眾通勤和通學之用,其與公共運輸整合,更能完成旅次鏈中的「最後一哩」接駁服務。 基於此理念,台灣許多城市在過去十年積極發展公共自行車系統。因此,屏東縣政府為推廣民眾使用大眾運輸工具,並以自行車做為短程運輸之交通工具,遂於2014年底正式完成公共自行車系統(P-bike)之20座租賃站點設置開始營運,至2017年底,租賃站點數量已達到32座。 為擴大服務範圍以及改善目前屏東市區之租賃站點分布,本研究建立一套公共自行車站點選址優化模式,並以屏東市以及潮州鎮兩個市鎮進行實證分析,以驗證模式之適用性。本研究首先回顧公共自行車之設站原則,遴選出屏東市以及潮州鎮之潛在需求區位,並依據屏東市現有站點之旅次資料建立多元線性迴歸模型,用以預測各需求點之旅次數。本研究亦透過最大覆蓋率模式求解適當之公共自行車租賃站點區位,並使用空間分析方法,針對租賃站點進行空間特性分析。整體研究成果除了能夠提供屏東縣政府後續改善與發展公共自行車系統之依據,亦能作為公私部門規劃設計公共自行車系統租賃站點區位之參考。

並列摘要


Most of countries and cities are actively promoting public transportation and green mobility in facing challenges of climate change. In the development of green mobility, public bike system plays a pioneer role. The characteristics of low-carbon, short distance and flexible mobility make the public bike system become an important part of public transportation. It can also be a main mode for comparatively short distance trips for achieving the goals of sustainable development and low carbon cities. Based on this concept, public bike systems have been developed in many cities in Taiwan in the past decade. Public bike system has been also proposed and implemented by Pingtung County. The public bike system (P-bike) with 20 rental stations in Pingtung City has been operated in the end of 2014. By the end of 2017, the total number of rental stations of P-bike has reached 32. However, the station selection at the initial stage is not complete so that inefficient operation and low turn over rates have been observed. This study aims to provide improvement strategies for P-bike system. An optimization model is developed and applied in this study to determine the location of public bike system. First, this study reviews the existing guidelines and standards worldwide for public bike system planning. Then, potential locations of rental stations are selected based on these guidelines and standards in this study. These locations are consisted of public facilities, markets, schools, recreation facilities and residential districts. Potential trips in each of the rental stations are analyzed and predicted by multiple linear regression method. Mathematical model based on Maximal Covering Location Problem is developed with the objective of covering the maximum potential users from the potential locations in the surrounding area of rental stations. In addition, this study applies the Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA) to analyze the spatial characteristics of selected rental stations. Finally, case studies are conducted in Pingtung City and Chaozhou Town to verify the applicability of the model. The research results could be a reference for Pingtung County in the improvement of public bike system. The model could also be used for planning and design of rental stations of public bike system in other cities.

參考文獻


[1] 中央氣象局觀測資料查詢(2018),
取自: https://e-service.cwb.gov.tw/HistoryDataQuery/index.jsp
[2] 中國住房城鄉建設部(2013),城市步行和自行車交通系統規劃設計導則。
[3] 台北市政府(2016),台北市政府公共自行車租賃站設置準則。
[4] 白仁德、劉人華(2014),大眾運輸導向建成環境特性對捷運運量影響之研究―以臺北捷運為實證對象,建築與規劃學報,第15卷,第2/3期,111-128。

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