贊助、詩學與意識形態：《西遊記》譯本之操縱理論研究

Patronage, Poetics, and Ideology: On Manipulating the Translations of Xiyouji

卓廷威(Ting-Wei Cho)

指導教授 ： 陳榮彬

國立臺灣大學/文學院/翻譯碩士學位學程/碩士(2021年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU202101483

摘要

本研究旨在探討余國藩、詹納爾、李提摩太，及亞瑟・偉利等四位譯者，何以在英譯《西遊記》的過程中，受到安德烈・勒菲弗爾所提及「贊助」、「詩學」、「意識形態」等要素的操弄，繼而使譯文呈現與原著不同的風貌。勒菲弗爾在《翻譯、改寫以及對文學名聲的制控》一書引入「改寫」概念，認為譯作的產出必與以上三要素所造就的改寫現象有關。體現在《西遊記》這部講述三藏法師與其徒弟西行取經的小說譯本上，可見「贊助」要素為促使四位譯者決定翻譯此書的機構;「詩學」探究譯者身處的時空背景所盛行的理念與文學形式，及其對詩、賦等兩種古典韻文的翻譯所造就的影響;「意識形態」則可見於譯者在英譯特定段落時，對原著的改動。

關鍵字

文學翻譯 ； 西遊記 ； 詩賦 ； 勒菲弗爾 ； 操縱理論

並列摘要

The research aims to explore the manipulation of the translation processes of four translators – including Anthony C. Yu, W.J.F. Jenner, Timothy Richard, and Arthur Waley – as well as their renderings of certain narratives and the classical Chinese poetry of Xiyouji, a classic detailing the legendary pilgrimage of the Tang dynasty Buddhist monk Tripitaka and his four disciples, through the theorization of André Lefevere’s “patronage,” “poetics,” and “ideology.” A foremost translation theorist from Belgium, Lefevere has had a great influence on the development of translation studies as an autonomous discipline. Of the many notions introduced in his Translation, Rewriting, and the Manipulation of Literary Fame, the concept of “rewriting” and the three parameters of “patronage,” “poetics,” and “ideology” were particularly mentioned to examine the re-presentation of translated works. Regarding the application of these three parameters in the translated Xiyouji, the patronage element can be seen at the institutional powers that affect different translators’ motive for translation; as for poetics, it reflects the literary production and idea – dominant during the time when the four translators did their works – and their influences on the rendering of shi and fu, the two types of classical Chinese poetry mostly seen in Xiyouji; taking a closer look at the nuances between the original and translated texts, this study also depicts different translators’ manipulation taking part in their interpretation of certain narratives as an exemplification of the parameter of ideology.

並列關鍵字

literary translation ； Xiyouji ； classical Chinese poetry ； André Lefevere ； manipulation theory

參考文獻

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