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  • 學位論文

高血壓患者及家屬的疾病知覺與疾病行為探討

An investigation on illness perception and behaviors among hypertensive patients and their families

指導教授 : 張玨
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摘要


目的:高血壓防治是重要的公共衛生議題,藥物控制率一直維持在三成左右,有待加強。過去研究較多放在遵醫矚行為,較少探討患者與家屬對高血壓的知覺與相關行為,因此本研究擬探討高血壓患者的疾病知覺與疾病行為、以及患者與家屬間知覺與行為的相關性。 方法:研究樣本來自新北市某醫學中心家庭醫學科原發性高血壓患者與家屬,以量性問卷調查與質性深度訪談進行,問卷調查144名患者以及118名家屬,深度訪談14名高血壓患者。研究工具包含以患者為對象的高血壓疾病知覺問卷以及高血壓患者生活經驗問卷,前者內容主要為中文化的疾病知覺問卷高血壓版(IPQ-R(Hypertension)以及基本資料、後者則包含高血壓病人服藥遵從行為量表、高血壓病人親友支持行為量表以及自編的高血壓控制行為量表;家屬問卷則包含家屬版的高血壓知覺問卷以及協助行為。 結果:受訪者認為高血壓是可以控制的慢性疾病、自認瞭解高血壓、沒有感受到強烈的焦慮、憂鬱與害怕,高血壓主要是因危險因子與心理因素造成;家屬的高血壓知覺與患者接近,當患者對疾病了解程度高於配偶時,藥物之外的高血壓控制行為較多,當配偶了解程度高於患者時,會有較多的協助控制行為。男性患者獲得較多的家屬協助控制行為,但是自我報告的協助行為以及家屬支持量表得分都比女性患者低。 結論:雖然患者高血壓疾病知覺趨向可控制的、藥物醫囑行為良好,但整體的高血壓控制率仍然不理想;配偶對藥物之外的血壓控制行為有影響,高血壓防治需要考慮家屬的角色。臨床上若能透過患者疾病知覺來打造個人化的疾病管理方案、加上家屬協助,搭配持續性的社區防治,透過環境與政策改變生活型態,提升高血壓控制率。

並列摘要


Aims: Blood pressure (BP) control is an important public health issue, however the BP control rate is not optimal. This study aimed to investigate the illness perceptions and illness behavior among hypertensive patients and their family. Methods: Data Collection included survey and interview, and there were 144 hypertensive patients and 118 family enrolled for survey, 14 hypertensive patients for interview.The Illness Perception Questionnaire (Hypertension) (IPQ-R(Hypertension)) was administered, medication adherence, family support and demographic data were also collected. Results: Patients’ illness perception on hypertension was chronic and controllable, and the main attribution were risk and psychological factors. Families and patients were holding similar perception on hypertension. Gender and self-perceived blood pressure control status were stronger factor connected to illness behavior and families’ reaction. Conclusion: Although the patients perceived that hypertension were controllable drug adherences were high, however, the overall control rate was low. Families were one of important factor to improve the life-style modification for hypertensive patients. For better hypertension prevention and treatment, to personalize the disease management through understanding their illness perception, and to get family involved would be benefical to hypertension control.

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