台灣藜移除土壤重金屬及生質酒精生產之探討

楊秉元

doi:10.6342/NTU201803528

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台灣藜移除土壤重金屬及生質酒精生產之探討

Heavy metal removal from soil and bioethanol production by Chenopodium formosanum Koidz.

楊秉元 , Masters　　Advisor：柯淳涵　　

英文 DOI： 10.6342/NTU201803528

台灣藜；生質酒精；蒸汽爆碎；重金屬；植生復育； Chenopodium formosanum Koidz ； Bioethanol ； Steam explosion ； Heavy metal ； Phytoremediation

Abstract │ Reference (56) │ Altmetrics

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Taiwanese chenopod (Chenopodium formosanum Koidz.) has strong productivity and great adeptness. Taiwanese chenopod was seeded in soils with different heavy metal concentrations. Capabilities for heavy metal removals and bioethanol raw material supply were investigated to survey the feasibility for multi-purpose application for Taiwanese chenopod. 
Taiwanese chenopod was grown in soils containing Ni, Pd and Zinc, and the accumulation in Taiwanese chenopod biomass was investigated. Taiwanese chenopod grew well under high concentration of Pd at 10000 mg/kg soil. High uptakes were observed: leaves absorbed 0.46 to 3.7 times of soil Pb concentration, tassel absorbed 0.88 to 2.94 times of soil Pb concentration, and root absorbed 0.41 to 0.50 times of soil Pb concentration. However, Taiwanese chenopod could not endure high concentration of Ni and Zn and showed inhibited growth and death.
Higher lignin removals were found using SPORL (sulfite pretreatment to overcome recalcitrance of lignocellulose), with the lowest pretreated biomass lignin contents found at 9.18 %. Acid steam explosion could also reduce lignin and increase holocellulose contents.  For enzymatic hydrolysis, steam exploded biomass yielded higher glucose conversion. While SPROL pretreated biomass yielded higher xylose conversion. 
A co-fermentation strain, Escherichia coli KO1, was to conduct simultaneous saccharification and fermentation. Final ethanol yield from acid exploded and SPROL　 treated Taiwanese chenopod biomass could reach 0.16 and 0.14 l ethanol per dried biomass.
Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation was also conducted on heavy metal conducted biomass. Presence of Ni, Pd and Zn was showed inhibiting fermentation yields. Negative impacts of heavy metals on fermentation yields were demonstrated with the following orders: Zn, Ni and Pb.  Although negative impacts of heavy metals were found, this study still found bioethanol converting potentials of resulted biomass after phytoremediation.

Reference ( 56 ) 〈TOP〉

Alloway, B.J., 1995. HeavyMetals in Soils. BlackieAcademic and Professional. London.
Ballesteros, M., Oliva, J., Negro, M., Manzanares, P.I., 2004. Ballesteros, Ethanol from lignocellulosic materials by a simultaneous saccharification and fermentation process (SFS) with Kluyveromyces marxianus CECT 10875, Process Biochemistry. 39: 1843-1848.
Bryce, J.R.G., 1980. Sulfite pulping. In: Case, J.P. (Ed.), Pulp and paper: Chemistry and Chemical Technology, third ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York, pp. 291-376.
Burken, J.G., Schnoor, J.L., 1997. Uptake and metabolism of atrazine by poplar trees. Environmental Science and Technology. 31: 1399-1406.
Burken, J.G., Schnoor, J.L., 1999. Distribution and volatilization of organic compounds following uptake by hybrid poplar trees. International Journal of Phytoremediation. 1: 139-151.

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