政治主體的誕生：戰後台灣政治論述及民主概念1970s-1980s

林竣達

doi:10.6342/NTU.2010.01706

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政治主體的誕生：戰後台灣政治論述及民主概念1970s-1980s

The Birth of Political Subjectivities： Political discourses and concepts of democracy during 1970s-1980s in post-war Taiwan

林竣達 , Masters　　Advisor：吳叡人　　

繁體中文 DOI： 10.6342/NTU.2010.01706

政治論述；民主概念；集體認同；自由主義現代化；黨外選舉運動；台灣民族主義；中國民族主義；社會運動；民主轉型；民主化；概念史；台灣政治思想史； political discourse ； concepts of democracy ； collective identity ； Liberal modernization ； Tangwai electoral movement ； Taiwan nationalism ； Chinese nationalism ； social movement ； democratic transition ； democratization ； Taiwanese political history and history of political thoughts

Abstract │ Reference (533) │ Times Cited (3) │ Altmetrics

Abstract 〈TOP〉

Parallel Abstract 〈TOP〉

This is a study of political discourses and concepts of democracy during the 1970s-1980s in post-war Taiwan. Theoretically, it asks what effects political discourses and concepts of democracy have on collective action and the paths of democratic transition. Empirically, it describes the historical processes through which the four political discourses of “Liberal modernization”,”election”, “Taiwan nationalism”, and “social movement” were formed. Then, it proceeds to explain why intellectuals and political elites used these political discourses, as well as why all actors ultimately added the term “Democracy” into their political discourses, regardless of their relative differences.

The argument of this paper can be summarized as follows: The political discourses of “Liberal modernization”,”election”, and “Taiwan nationalism” had already appeared on the scene in the 1950s-1960s. These discourses produced the condition of the possibility of collective action, and they reappeared when the KMT regime experienced diplomatic crisis.

The discourse of Liberal modernization was applied to rebuild the KMT regime in 1971-1973, and similarly applied in the struggle against the KMT regime by the Tangwai movement after 1975. The discourse of election was applied to construct the identities of the Tangwai movement, the collective masses, and the opposition party after 1977, whilst different voices inside the Tangwai movement emerged during the 1980s. The discourse of Taiwan nationalism was developed as political nationalism and it was articulated with the discourses of Liberal modernization and election by the Tangwai movement. In the 1980s, cultural nationalism developed out of contention with Chinese cultural nationalism, and thus the discourse of Taiwan independence emerged publicly in Taiwan after 1987. The actors of social movements already constructed collective identities through political discourses in the late 1970s and in the pre-1980s. These identities helped them overcome the dilemma of collective action. The four kinds of political discourses produced the condition of possibility which directed the divided national identity and election-driven character towards the path of Taiwan’s democratization.

In the process of Taiwan’s democratization, the term “Democracy” included many concepts that were to be changed in different processes. The term “Democracy” appeared in all kinds of political discourses not only because it could be articulated with political logic or social logic, but also because it could harness a cognitive mechanism which would empower collective identities.

Reference ( 533 ) 〈TOP〉

王甫昌，1996，〈台灣反對運動的共識動員：一九七九至一九八九年兩次挑戰高
連結：
峰的比較〉，《台灣政治學刊》，1：129-207。
連結：
王奕婷，2007，〈台灣民眾對於「民主」概念的認知與表述〉，台灣大學政治研究
連結：
王振寰，1989，〈台灣的政治轉型與反對運動〉，《台灣社會研究季刊》，第二卷第
連結：
台邦．撒沙勒，1989，〈台灣原住民悲絕命運的開拓〉，《原報》，1。
連結：

Times Cited (3) 〈TOP〉

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