測量華語兒童早期詞彙成長:以語料庫為本之研究

楊靜琛

doi:10.6342/NTU.2015.02000

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測量華語兒童早期詞彙成長:以語料庫為本之研究

Measuring Early Vocabulary Growth in Mandarin-Speaking Children: A Corpus-Based Study

楊靜琛 , Masters　　Advisor：張顯達　　Co-advisor ：謝舒凱

英文 DOI： 10.6342/NTU.2015.02000

詞彙習得；名詞偏向；基本層次範疇；華語習得；詞彙多樣性；語料庫； vocabulary acquisition ； noun bias ； basic-level category ； Mandarin acquisition ； lexical diversity ； corpus

Abstract │ Reference (47) │ Altmetrics

Abstract 〈TOP〉

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This study aims to measure early vocabulary growth in Mandarin-speaking children from Taiwan with a corpus-based method. Children’s vocabulary growth was examined in aspects of vocabulary growth and vocabulary organization. Vocabulary growth was measured by computing vocabulary size, frequency and proportion of parts-of-speech, noun-verb ratio, type-token ratio, and D measure. Vocabulary organization was measured by computing the number of nouns in semantic categories and conceptual levels. Results of the measures showed a developmental trend with increasing ages. 
    Vocabulary size increases with age. Frequency and proportion of lexical categories suggest that nouns and verbs were acquired before other word classes. The proportion of nouns and verbs decreases with increasing age, while that of other lexical categories increases. Type-token ratio implies that children acquired more nouns and verbs and also used them very often in all stages. The declining TTR of classifiers and modals indicate that they were used more frequently in later stages. Noun-verb ratio reveals that a weak noun bias was found in 19-24 months, and a verb bias was found in later stages. D values suggest that children’s lexicon became increasingly diverse.
    Analysis of semantic categories reveals that the most concrete nouns and nouns which were the closest to children’s life were acquired earlier, such as people, tools, animals, and food, and vehicles. Nouns in these categories were also used frequently. Nouns which were abstract and far away from children’s life were acquired later and used with a lower frequency, such as numerals, shapes, colors, and nouns of natural phenomena. Analysis of conceptual levels has shown that basic-level words were acquired first, followed by subordinate words and superordinate words. The timing of acquiring superordinate level and subordinate level words varies in different semantic categories. Basic-level words were used with a higher frequency than the other two levels. 
    All of the computations about vocabulary growth and vocabulary organization in this study have revealed general developmental trends of children’s early Mandarin vocabulary. Some of the measured items may become an index of measuring of vocabulary growth after further studies.

Reference ( 47 ) 〈TOP〉

Chang, C. (2003). Talking about the past: How do Chinese mothers elicit narratives from their young children across time. Narrative Inquiry, 13, 99–126.
連結：
Choi, S., & Gopnik, A. (1995). Early acquisition of verbs in Korean: a cross-linguistic study. Journal of Child Language, 22(03), 497–529.
連結：
Fenson, L., Dale, P., Reznick, J., & Bates, E. (1994). Variability in early communicative development. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 59(5).
連結：
Hamilton, A., Plunkett, K. I. M., & Schafer, G. (2000). Infant vocabulary development assessed with a British communicative development inventory. Journal of Child Language, 27(03), 689–705.
連結：
Hao, M., Shu, H., Xing, a., & Li, P. (2008). Early vocabulary inventory for Mandarin Chinese. Behavior Research Methods, 40(3), 728–733.
連結：

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