伏爾泰的世界觀：以《風俗論》為例

Voltaire's Worldview: A study of An Essay on Universal History, the Manners, and Spirit of Nations

楊月惠(Yueh-Hui Yang)

指導教授 ： 楊肅献

國立臺灣大學/文學院/歷史學研究所/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2011.02422

摘要

本論文擬以伏爾泰（Voltaire 1694-1778）的《風俗論—論各民族的精神與風俗以及自查理曼至路易十三的歷史》（簡稱《風俗論》）作為主要資料，參以伏爾泰其他著作，如：《路易十四時代》、《哲學通信》等文集，構建伏爾泰筆下的「世界」，並從中瞭解伏爾泰之歷史觀點及當代各國民俗之取得，進而闡述十八世紀西方世界史的寫作方法、取徑與世界觀的形成。

關鍵字

伏爾泰 ； 《風俗論》 ； 輿論氣候 ； 世界觀 ； 普遍歷史

並列摘要

This thesis will focus on Voltaire’s An Essay on Universal History, the Manners, and Spirit of Nations to figure out how Voltaire shaped his conception of the “World”, trying to depict his views about how to write the history. What is the meaning of the “World” in the mind of Voltaire? What kind of material did he acquire to describe the “mind” and “manners” of the European countries and others? What is his historical thought? All of the answer to those questions could help us to understand the concept about how to write the “world history” and the “Weltanschauung” in 18th century Europe.

並列關鍵字

Voltaire ； the Essai ； climate of opinion ； worldview ； universal history

參考文獻

Cronk, Nicholas. “Voltaire and Authorship.” in The Cambridge Companion to Voltaire, ed. by Nicholas Cronk. pp. 31-46. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2009.

Volpilhac-Auger, Catherine. “Voltaire and history.” in The Cambrige Companion to Voltaire. ed. by Nicholas Cronk. pp. 139-152. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2009.

Besterman, Theodore. “The Real Voltaire Through His Letters.” in Voltaire: A Collection of Critical Essays, ed. by William F. Bottiglia. pp. 31-63. Englewood Cliffs, N. J.: Prentice-Hall, 1968.

Anderson, Benedict. Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism. New York: Verso, 1991.

Becker, Carl Lotus. The Heavenly City of the Eighteenth-Century Philosophers. New Haven: Yale university press, 2003.