一堂「以同理心對待動物」課程之成效與國小教師的動物同理心及對人道教育在校施行之態度

楊詠晴

doi:10.6342/NTU.2012.02515

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一堂「以同理心對待動物」課程之成效與國小教師的動物同理心及對人道教育在校施行之態度

The Effects of a One-Hour Humane Education Class, Elementary School Teachers’ Empathy towards Animals and Attitudes towards Humane Education at School

楊詠晴 , Masters　　Advisor：費昌勇　　

英文 DOI： 10.6342/NTU.2012.02515

動物同理心；人道教育；小學教育；教師；學生； Empathy ； Humane education ； Pet ownership ； Elementary school education ； Teacher ； Student ； Animal Empathy Scale ； Companion animal

Abstract │ Reference (31) │ Altmetrics

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From the five years of teaching experience, the author was impressed with students’ abilities to learn and how much influence a teacher can have on the students, particularly the young ones. As previous studies show, animals play a vital role in children’s cognitive and emotional development. With the rising of animal welfare concepts, people have started to recognize animals as “living beings” but not “objects” or “merchandise”. The growth of this field has prompted studies in various disciplines, from veterinary science to social science such as law, philosophy, and education. People’s concerns for animals root in “empathy” and “respect for all life”, and such attitudes should be established in early stages of one’s life and be encouraged throughout. Education is the only way to lead and guide people towards desired behaviors from within (voluntarily), while the laws and regulations are made to be enforced and obeyed (passively). Only when animal welfare becomes an awareness and attitude for the general public will we be powerful enough to overturn the present situations and make big chances.

In this study, two major components are presented. In the first part, we look into the design and implementation of a one-hour humane education class for 107 grade six students. The results of the Before-Class Survey and After-Class Survey are examined and discussed. In the second part, 97 elementary school teachers from a private school in Taipei were asked to do the Animal Empathy Scale, developed by Elizabeth Paul, as well as a survey on teachers’ views and attitudes about humane education at school. The results showed the teachers’ attitudes toward animals, their willingness and interest in carrying out humane education at school, and the difficulties and challenges they might encounter. Elementary school teachers are “seed planters”, who have the potential to influence our next generation. This study allowed us to have a glimpse of their opinions and views about humane education.

From the first part of the study, we see great effectiveness of a single one-hour humane education class. Findings also pointed out a correlation between pet ownership and students’ attitudes towards animals. Pet experience helped the students to be more knowledgeable about animals, more responsible and thoughtful, more empathic towards animals, and more interested and motivated in learning more about animals. From the second part of the study, we see a strong positive correlation between pet ownership and empathy towards animals from the teacher participants. Pet ownership in childhood in particular affected one’s empathic attitudes towards animals, while the “quality” of pet experience played a decisive role. Lastly, possible solutions and methods in implementing humane education at school were discussed.

Reference ( 31 ) 〈TOP〉

Arluke, A. (2007) Children: The Appeal of Animals to Children. In M. Bekoff (Ed.). (2007). Encyclopedia of Human-Animal Relationships: A Global Exploration of Our Connections with Animals (1st ed. Vol. 1, p.205-207) Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
連結：
Ascione, F. R. (1992). Enhancing children's attitudes about the humane treatment of animals: generalization to human-directly empathy. Anthrozoos, 5(3), 176-191.
連結：
Beck, A. M., & Katcher, A. H. (2003). Future directions in human-animal bond research. The American Behavioral Scientist, 47, 79-93.
連結：
Bryant, B. (1990). The Richness of the Child-Pet Relationship: A Consideration of Both Benefits and Costs of Pets to Children. Anthrozoos, 3, 253-61
連結：
Canadian Federation of Humane Education (n.d.). For educators. Retrieve from http://cfhs.ca/info/educators/
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