降雨入滲誘發淺層崩滑與土石流之模式改善

許峪萇

doi:10.6342/NTU201904077

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降雨入滲誘發淺層崩滑與土石流之模式改善

Rainfall Infiltration Induced Debris Flow

許峪萇 , Ph.D　　Advisor：劉格非　　

繁體中文 DOI： 10.6342/NTU201904077

斜坡滲流擴散；斜坡穩定分析；土石流模式； a seepage diffusion analysis ； slope stability analysis ； debris flow model

Abstract │ Reference (86) │ Altmetrics

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The shallow landslide and subsequent debris flow from rainfall-induced was a frequent disaster in Taiwan's mountainous areas. In the past two decades, the physical model about the hazards zone mapping of debris flow has been published in many research. Although such physical models are used to assess the scale of debris flow disaster has been considered as one of the solutions. However, the most urgent problem to be solved is still how to identify the locations that may be damaged, destroy the depth distribution and the source of the collapse source.
   The assessment of rainfall induces collapse mainly consists of three procedures. The first is analysis the change of soil water content and water table under hydraulic effect caused by rainfall infiltration. Therefore, based on the results of rainfall infiltration analysis, the soil stress characteristics are calculated and the slope stability analysis is carried out, and then the location of the landslide and the depth and volume of the landslide are determined. Afterward, combined with the sediment transport model to assess the hazards zone and disaster scale. Under such a principle, the combining model of this study includes a seepage diffusion analysis, slope stability analysis, and a debris flow model developed. The conservation equations applied depth integral in strongly shearing layer and a weakly shearing layer stratified. We solve a flow depth and flow velocity component through a scheme of a weakly shearing layer approximation and strongly shearing layer modification.
The combining model will use a simulation of a real case of a rainfall infiltration induced shallow landslide and debris flow during the Typhoon Morakot on the Daniao tribe’s hill in eastern Taiwan. The detail data of investigation after the disaster of Daniao tribe will be used for the inputs provided and for validation of the simulation. The study revealed the safety factor changed under a seepage diffusion. The hillside collapse occurred when the safety factor reduced to Fs = 1, and the collapse zone and collapse depth were identified by the locations that would satisfy the condition Fs = 1. Therefore, these data provide to simulation of the subsequent motion of debris flow and hazard zone assessment. The result of collapse zone and collapse depth identified within 8.2% and 20.5% errors from a comparison of the DTM variation analysis of before and after a landslide. Further, the debris flow hazard zone of simulation was within 25% errors from the comparison of a disaster aerial photo. The combining model applied to the simulation of a rainfall infiltration induced landslide and, subsequently, the model was applied to the debris flow of Daniao tribe disaster case, a real disaster range with a nearly 75% match. In spite of this match, the hazard zone from the simulation still included a real disaster range, the simulated results that were well-matched. 
Therefore, we believe that the combining method of the study would provide a better solution for disaster assessment. Two contributions of our work are: (1) to identify the collapsed zone and map the mapping of the hazard zone’s subsequent motion. (2) These results have potential application in large range sediment disaster prediction and would be of great help in the management of slope disaster prevention.

Reference ( 86 ) 〈TOP〉

1. Caine, N.: The Rainfall Intensity –During Control of Shallow Landslides and Debris Flows, Geografiska Annaler, vol. 62, pp. 23-27. (1980)
2. Cannon, S.H., Ellen, S.D.: Rainfall condition for Abundant Debris Avalanches in the San Francisco Bay Region California, California Geology, Vol. 38, No. 12, pp. 267-272. (1985)
3. Wieczorek, G.F., Wilson, M., Keefer, H., Ellen, B., Rice, P.: Landslide Warning System in the San Francisco Bay Region California, Landslide News, No. 4, pp. 5-8. (1990)
4. D.K. Keefer, R.C. Wilson, R.K. Mark, E.E. Brabb, W.M. Brown, S.D. Ellen, E.L. Harp, G.F. Wieczorek, C.S. Alger, R.S. Zatkin: Real-Time Landslides Warming During Heavy Rainfall”, Science, Vol. 238, No. 4829, pp. 921-925. (1987)
5. Takahashi, T.: Debris flow on prismatic open channel. J. Hydraulics Div., ASCE, Vol. 106, No. HY3, pp. 381-396. (1980)

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