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  • 學位論文

以蜂之名:都市養蜂的自然工作與社群凝聚

In the Name of Bees:The Nature Work and Community Cohesion of Urban Beekeeping

指導教授 : 王志弘
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摘要


本文考察臺北都市養蜂的自然工作與 社群凝聚, 嘗試在目前生態城市與都市養蜂作為促進自然的主流論述之外 ,描繪複雜多樣的人與自然(蜜蜂)關係。 研究以社區大學養蜂班、 養蜂推廣活動及由養蜂人組成的網路社群為主要田野,透過 參與觀察、訪談及檔分析,呈現人與蜜蜂在社群網絡中的互動型態。首先介紹臺灣養蜂產業的發展脈絡與歷史轉折,說明都市養蜂的出現契機。而後 探討在目前的養蜂文獻或工具書中,蜜蜂如何被人類對象化、知識化和操作化,以及都市養蜂自然工作中的操作模式、空間配置與物質基礎,反映人類意欲對蜜蜂施加的寵愛與控制。然而,蜜蜂的能動性和社會環境的不穩定使人類無法完全控制自然,這之中 突顯出人、蜜蜂與自然的矛盾與張力。 作為野生動物的蜜蜂,在不同人群的意義賦予下,成為既是畜產動物又是寵物的曖昧存在。基於蜂種習性、自然實作與推廣路線的差 異,養蜂也成為凝聚社群的中介物。不過,養蜂社群並非均質的網絡是不斷劃界且時而競爭或合作的論述場域。同時,養蜂也成為人們心中的投射物,回應了人類欲親近自然的渴望,並折射出不同性別與世代對養蜂認知及態度的差異。 最後,本文以「伸縮自如的愛」探討在都市養蜂中 人與自然 (蜜蜂)關係的僵固性與可能性,歸納自然工作的四種類型, 指出人與蜜蜂的相互勞動或許能促成更友善的跨物種協作關係,有助於人與非人動物邁向悅納異己的共同未來。

並列摘要


his article aims to explore the natural work and community cohesion of urban beekeeping in Taipei, and attempts to depict the complex and diverse human-nature bees relationship based on the current mainstream discourse of eco-city and urban beekeeping as the promotion of nature.The author uses Community University beekeeping classes, urban beekeeping promotion activities, and network communities composed of beekeepers as the main fields. Through participating observations, interviews, and document analysis, the author describes the interaction patterns between people and bees in social networks. This article introduces the development context and historical transition of beekeeping industry in Taiwan, explains the emergence of urban beekeeping, and discusses how bees are objectified, intellectualized and operationalized by humans in current beekeeping literature or reference books. The operation mode, spatial configuration and material basis of urban beekeeping work reflect the love and control that humans intend to exert on bees. However, the agency of bees and the instability of the social environment make humans unable to absolutely control the nature, which represents the paradox and tension between humans and bees. As a wild animal, bees have become ambiguous beings that are both livestock animals and pets because of the meaning given by different groups of people. Based on the differences in bee species habits, natural practices and promotion routes, beekeeping has also become an intermediary for community cohering. However, the beekeeping communities are not homogeneous networks, but the field of discourse which continuous demarcating and sometimes competiting or cooperating. At the same time, beekeeping has also become a projection in people's hearts, responding to humans' desire to get close to nature ,and refracting differences in cognition and attitudes towards beekeeping among different genders and generations. Finally, this article uses "flexible love" to explore the rigidity and possibility of the human-nature bees relationship in urban beekeeping, summarizes four types of natural work, and proposes that the mutual labor of humans and bees may become a more friendly cross-species collaborative relationship, which will help humans and non-human animals to move toward a future of hospitality.

參考文獻


三立新聞網(2016)困擾!鄰居是「養蜂人家」蜜蜂飛進家門無法可管https://www.setn.com/News.aspx?NewsID=192200。取用日期:2019/9/28。
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