悲劇或鬧劇？論Maurice Meisner眼中的中國

許韋婷

doi:10.6342/NTU.2010.02752

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悲劇或鬧劇？論Maurice Meisner眼中的中國

Tragedy vs. Farce: Maurice Meisner's Historiographic Indecision on Maoist/Chinese Socialism and Its Aftermath

許韋婷 , Masters　　Advisor：石之瑜　　

繁體中文 DOI： 10.6342/NTU.2010.02752

Maurice Meisner ；馬克思主義；美國的中國研究；美國左派；毛主義； Maurice Meisner ； Marxism ； American China study ； American left wing ； Maoism

Abstract │ Reference (104) │ Times Cited (2) │ Altmetrics

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Marx once said, all great world-historic facts and personages appear twice: the first time as tragedy, the second time as farce. Does the history of the People’s Republic of China repeat the history of the Soviet and just be a farce? Or, is it a unique one to the history and, accordingly, a tragedy? The different answers represent different position, especially on the Marxism theory.
Maurice Meisner is an important scholar who studies modern China history in American China scholars. He applies a special interpretation of Marxism to studying China and judging Chinese Marxism during different periods. His writings have affected not only China study, but also incurred a much wider debate on the nature of Marxism. Specifically, he summarizes Mao Zedong's thought into what he calls Maoism. Moreover, he identifies the populist, voluntarist, and utopianist ingredients in Maoism. Chinese scholars are especially critical aobut his treatment of post-Mao ear as a move away from socialism. Although he is disappointed at the Cultural Revolution, he nonetheless believes that the Chinese Communist Revolution is of great significance and that Mao contributed dearly to the evolution of Marxism. One could gather from Meisner, on one hand, that the history of the People’s Republic of China is unique, hence not just a farce that repeated the history of the Soviet. On the other, since China has aborted its socialist goal, it is a tragedy or a failure.
However, Meisner’s engagement with other Marxist scholars reflects different understandings of Marxism, which primarily answer to the need of the time. Marxism of different period vary and the later ones expand on the earlier ones. Marxism iinevitably moves away from Marx’s original thought. After all, the interpretation offered by Meisner could only reflect his political ideas of the time by which he evaluates Chinese socialism. Despite controversy around his scholarship or today’s lack of interest in it, Meisner is widely recognized scholar. Revisit to his scholarship should be useful in refreshing on how China studies have move a long way as well as how Meisner’s legacy could be an enlightening contrast to what is thought as obvious today.

Reference ( 104 ) 〈TOP〉

于治中，1996，〈論馬克思的「意識型態」〉，《台灣社會研究季刊》，第23期，頁185-218，台北：台灣社會研究社。
連結：
于治中，1999，〈意識型態下的馬克思〉，《台灣社會研究季刊》，第33期，頁187-223，台北：台灣社會研究社。
連結：
石之瑜，1995，《大陸問題研究》，台北：三民。
連結：
石之瑜，2005，《社會科學知識新論 : 文化研究立場十評》，台北：國立台灣大學出版中心。
連結：
孟祥瑞，2008，《到「西方」寫中國大歷史 : 黃仁宇的微觀經驗與他的中國學社群》，台北：國立台灣大學政治所。
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Times Cited (2) 〈TOP〉

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