社區網絡與社會資本形成之探討— 以桃米坑生態村為例

Social Capital and Building Community Network : A case study of Tao Mi Ecological Village

鍾俊宏(Chun-Hung Chung)

指導教授 ： 陳亮全

國立臺灣大學/工學院/建築與城鄉研究所/碩士(2006年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2006.02084

摘要

近年來為探究人類社會的可持續發展，「社會資本」理論獲得廣泛地應用與推廣。聯合國開發計畫署將「社會資本」列為《全球21世紀議程》(UNDP,1992)中可持續發展的四項策略之一。在本文中，社會資本被視為社會網絡成員所共享的集體資源，
藉由台灣本土地域型社區網絡的經驗研究，探討社會資本的形成與發展策略。

本文的研究對象為「桃米坑生態村」社區網絡與其成員。「桃米坑」原為台灣中部地區一典型的山村聚落，1999年九二一大地震後，社區產業與生活空間受到重大破壞。在政府及民間專業者的協助下，居民們進行一系列變革行動，逐漸發展出「兼顧生態保育、社區產業、教育學習與家鄉認同的永續家園」的「桃米坑生態村」。研究過程中，本文首先檢視「桃米坑」地域社會的發展脈絡，探討「桃米坑生態村」成員網絡的轉變與建構歷程；其後，本文嘗試從人力、經濟、自然資源三分析項目，分析成員的集體資源之形成、累積與轉換模式，並探討社會資本的策略性發展架構。

本文發現：關係網絡的建構作為社會資本形成與發展的結構性條件；生態村成員網絡建構之後，經由社區教育、技術培訓、嘗試自力營運等「培力」的歷程，造成集體資源之基礎 ─ 人力資源的提升，並於集體規範機制下，逐漸推動人力、經濟、自然資源之間的良性循環、增進集體認同，進而厚植社會資本。在「桃米坑生態村」經驗研究中，社會資本的形成與厚植，使得成員關係在衝突中有調節，競爭中有合作。

關鍵字

社會資本 ； 社會網絡 ； 社區網絡 ； 桃米坑生態村

並列摘要

The concept “Social Capital” was put in use extensively for making thorough inquiry of “Sustainability” in humanity society recently, and been seen as one of four ploys for “Sustainability” in “Agenda 21” by UNDP. In this study, “Social Capital” was regarded as a partake resource of members in network of society, relied on experience study in networks of local community in Taiwan, to probe into the forms and developing tactics of “Social Capital”.

The object of this study is the members and society’s network of Tao Mi Ecological Village, which is a typical hamlet in mid-Taiwan, and had a serious depredation in industries and living-spaces after the Taiwan Earthquake of September 21, 1999. By the assists from government and experts in non-governmental circles, the residents started a series reformation to develop “Tao Mi Ecological Village”－－ which is a “Sustainability Homeland” with raising ecological, industries, education, and identifying themselves with . The first step in this study’s program is to survey sequence of ideas of Tao Mi Ecological Village’s local society for discussing with the change of network of members and how to build it. The other step is analyzing the styles of forming, accumulating, and transforming of members’ partake resource from three analyzing objects what are labor power, economics, and natural resources to confer the develop framework of “Social Capital”.

The forming from relation network is the structuring term for forming and developing “Social Capital” is the finding of this study. After forming the network of members of Tao Mi Ecological Village, they could make an outcome that raise labor power which is one basic partake resource by the empower program including community education, technique training, trying to operate by themselves. Furthermore, they add the community identifications and create a virtuous circle between labor power, economics, and natural resource to further “Social Capital” under the group standard system. In the experience study of “Tao Mi Ecological Village”, the forming and furthering of Social Capital creates modulating in conflicts of the relations of members, and make cooperation with competitions.

並列關鍵字

Social Capital ； Social Network ； Community Network ； Tao Mi Ecological Village

參考文獻

鄭錫鍇（2002）《社會資本與政府再造》國政研究報告，財團法人國家政策研究基金會

桃米社區發展協會〈最水的庄頭〉手頁，行政院農業委員會水土保持局補助。

楊志忠(2003)《以社會資本論政府與非營利組織聯盟績效之研究》，P8

陳明燦(2002)〈九二一震災區重建問題之探討：以土地重劃為基點〉，農業經濟叢刊，23-56。中國農村經濟學會出版

黃毅志(2002)，《社會階層、社會網絡與主觀意識》台北：巨流。