非接觸式無線電能傳輸系統技術之研究與應用

Contactless Wireless Power Transmission Technology and Application

鄭博元(Po-Yuan Cheng)

指導教授 ： 丘建青

淡江大學/工學院/電機工程學系碩士在職專班/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2013.00569

摘要

本論文使用符合WPC(Wireless Power Consortium)聯盟架構規範的TI(Texas Instruments)公司高效率硬體模組，透過磁吸引式(Magnetic Attraction)的發射器(TX)_BQ500210與接收器(RX)_BQ51013A模組，利用發射端的一次線圈與接收端二次線圈的電磁感應(Electromagnetic Induction)耦合，來進行模擬非接觸式無線電能傳輸模擬之實驗，並使用Free-Scale公司同樣為符合WPC規範的RX裝置，做為對照組的實驗測試。
本研究主要貢獻有三點，其一為無線電能傳輸之模擬實驗與功能驗證測試，包含TX及RX之間的偵測與辨證溝通識別、金屬異物偵測、低電壓與過電壓保護、效率等；由於WPC聯盟規範內的無線電能傳輸裝置是可以任意互相搭配使用，本研究貢獻之二，為搭配同樣符合WPC聯盟規範的Free-Scale RX裝置做為實驗對照組，針對無線電能傳輸品質、低電壓與過電壓保護、金屬異物偵測與保護、效率等四大重點部分做差異比較；貢獻之三為將非接觸式無線電能傳輸發展聯盟WPC與其Qi認證(Certification)內容，做一整合與介紹，並探究非接觸式無線電能傳輸技術開發推廣問題，及未來的發展目標與方向。
實驗結果發現，TX與RX之間的快速辨識認證僅需2秒鐘左右，即可開始無線電能傳輸的進行；無線電能傳輸品質方面，發現使用同為TI公司開發的TX與RX進行測試時，RX可獲得較完整的能量傳輸，而搭配使用Free-Scale的RX出現明顯的傳輸損耗，直接影響了效率的表現；而透過模擬手持裝置的負載抽載與卸載(低電壓與過電壓保護)實驗，雖然兩組RX的輸出電壓在瞬間抽載與卸載時，均超出了正常工作範圍(4.85V~5V)，但都能在短時間內(約200微秒~240毫秒)即恢復穩態，所以都還是能維持無線電能傳輸的正常進行；在金屬異物入侵實驗方面，若在限制時間內排除金屬物體，則隨即恢復無線電能的傳輸，但若該金屬物體持續入侵時間超過限制時間，則終止該傳輸平台，需重新開關啟動TX與RX裝置才能恢復無線電能傳輸的進行，其中TI的RX_BQ51013A模組限制時間為22秒鐘，而對照組的Free-Scale RX裝置限制時間則約為10秒鐘；在輸入電源安全保護測試方面，當偵測到傳統變壓器接入時，TX應隨即停止能量的供應，直到變壓器移除後，才又重新恢復無線電能的傳輸，避免兩個以上電壓源同時接入時所可能造成的安全疑慮；在效率表現方面，以相同的TI TX，搭配使用不同的TI 與Free-Scale RX做比較，其中使用TI的RX最高傳輸效率約為68%，而Free-Scale的RX為65%。

關鍵字

非接觸式無線電能傳輸 ； 無線充電 ； 金屬異物偵測 ； 一次線圈 ； 二次線圈 ； 電磁耦合

並列摘要

This essay keeps with TI(Texas Instruments) high efficient hardware module and Free-Scale RX device which are following WPC(Wireless Power Consortium) concept standard. The high efficient module is through magnetic attraction transceiver and receiver by using prime and secondary electromagnetic induction coupling to simulate wireless power supply technology as experimental group and use Free-Scale’s receiver device as control group.
There are three contributions in this study. The first is related to stimulation and function test of wireless power transmission technology which includes transceiver and receiver detect and distinguish communication, metal object detection, under-shoot and over-shoot protection, efficiency between each other. WPC (Wireless Power Consortium) specification allows wireless power transmission device can compatible used. Therefore, for second contribution, it takes Free-Scale receiver device which is also under WPC standard as control group to compare wireless power transmission quality, under-shoot and over-shoot protection, metal object detection, protection and efficiency each difference. The third contribution will use WPC(Wireless Power Consortium) and Qi certification as integration and introduction to explore development, future target and direction of wireless power transmission technology.
According to the test result, it only takes 2 seconds to distinguish authentication between transceiver and receiver then can start process wireless power transmission. At the wireless power transmission quality, it found that when transceiver and receiver which are developed by TI processed test, receiver can acquire more completed power transfer from transceiver. Moreover, using Free-Scale receiver apparently showed that power transfer decrease effected performance efficient. Through simulated handy device test to loading and load off(under-shoot and over-shoot), and it showed that although two receiver groups output voltage even loading and load off suddenly and both are over normal working range (4.85V~5V), but still can back to stable in short time(around 200us~240ms) and maintain wireless power transmission abnormally. At metal object invade experiment aspect, if it can exclusive metal object in limited period will also restore wireless power supply. Otherwise, it will terminate wireless power transmission when metal object continually invade in limited period. Among TI’s receiver_BQ51013A module limited time is 22 seconds compared to receiver of Free-Scale’s 10 seconds. At power input protection test aspect, transceiver should stop power transmission immediately once it detects traditional adapter input. Otherwise, it will restore wireless power transmission when adapter removed, to avoid more than two voltages input at the same time and cause safety issue. At performance efficient aspect, it makes comparison by using the same TI’s transceiver along with different TI and Free-Scale’s receiver. Among using these, TI’s receiver get the highest power transfer efficiency is 68% and Free-Scale’s receiver is 65%.

並列關鍵字

Wireless Power Transmission ； Contactless ； Wireless Power Consortium(WPC) ； Qi ； PMOD ； Electromagnetic Induction ； Guided Positioning ； Magnetic Attraction ； TI(Texas Instruments) ； Free-Scale ； BQ500210 ； BQ51013A

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