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  • 學位論文

媒介的感官偏向與流行音樂傳播–以張惠妹為例

The Bias of Media on the Communication of Popular Music: A case study of A-mei

指導教授 : 楊智明

摘要


台灣流行音樂發展初期,其形式是在場、當下的表演藝術活動,由歌手自身詮釋音樂,然而受到科技媒介的影響後,將流行音樂歌曲灌錄至黑膠唱片、錄影帶及CD等媒介之中,透過廣播、電視到現今的網路多媒體傳播,隨著媒介中介變遷,閱聽眾體驗音樂方式已出現革命性的變化。 本研究以馬歇爾•麥克魯漢(Marshall McLuhan)的「媒介即訊息」為主要架構,音樂載體可視為一種媒介,意謂媒介扮演着促使訊息形成的角色,媒介的改變內容形式也隨之改變,而這些形式的轉變意味著張惠妹的表演形式也勢必受到影響。然而麥克魯漢更進一步提出媒介的影響力,在於它輕而一舉便徹底改變了人們感官的使用分配比例或知覺的形態,流行音樂透過不同的媒介傳播,對於流行音樂的傳播也產生不同的感官經驗,然而媒介事實上並未決定文化意涵,而是扮演某種促進生活關係形成之現代特質的角色,本研究將從音樂媒介流變中,了解張惠妹的表演形式、受眾感官、文化及社會如何與媒介互相形塑。 本研究將以媒介生態學的角度出發,以張惠妹與音樂媒介的發展史為依據,並透過編年方式建構出「時間軸」作為研究媒介轉變之資料。從縱面的歷史演變,挖掘音樂媒介發展脈絡及張惠妹展演方式的改變,及橫面媒介與人、社會認知的改變,利用「縱面」及「橫面」交叉分析,從中觀察媒介如何與張惠妹展演方式相互形塑、人們接觸不同媒介所產生不同的感官體驗,對媒介發展過程的整體脈絡做出解釋與說明。 以上所述,本研究發現從廣播、電視到網際網路等新興電子媒介,逐漸擴張人們感官的電子媒介,流行音樂在這些媒介的傳播之下,使得流行音樂必須透過視覺及聽覺,這種多感官的方式傳播。受到電子媒介的影響流行音樂逐漸加強專輯封面、服裝造型、MV舞蹈等視覺包裝,彌補流行音樂產品在視覺效果上的不足,電子媒介增添流行音樂新的效果,讓音樂在被包裝後超越以聽覺的方式傳播。 傳播媒介的不同也造就不同的流行音樂形式,每種媒介皆有不同的感官偏向,歌手受到媒介感官偏向的影響,表演也隨這些偏向改變,張惠妹利用這些媒介感官偏向創造不同感官體驗的流行音樂,受到電視媒介的影響猶如麥克魯漢所云,電子媒介取代了感官專門化的特性,電子媒介更將「所有同時」的感官特質取代了「單一感官的特質」的影響,張惠妹的表演形式更從單一感官聽覺的偏向,朝向視覺的偏向,不只著重於歌藝,加強服裝造型、MV畫面美感及MV舞蹈等視覺偏向,彌補張惠妹在音樂上視覺的效果。數位音樂及網路影音平台可隨時供樂迷聆聽及觀看,始終無法滿足像現場演唱會那種屬於全感官的體驗,參與演唱會補足了媒介無法模擬出更真實人群中的共感體驗。流行音樂及歌手透過媒介的中介傳播給人們,人們體驗流行音樂也因這些媒介產生多感官涉入的情況,然而不斷受到媒介影響的流行音樂,在未來新媒介的出現,媒介的感官偏向將持續與流行音樂相互建構出不同的流行音樂體驗。

並列摘要


The previous period of Popular Music (POP music) in Taiwan, singers express their works by playing music in front of people. After technology changes the POP music environment, Vinyl, videotape, and CD become the medium between creators and audiences and spread by media such as broadcasting, television, and Internet. Because of technology and very type of media, audiences now have new ways to experience and appreciate music. This research use the “The Medium is the Message “written by Marshall McLunhan as framework and express how medium form the role in music world and how it create and pass the message to audiences. In this theory, Marshall McLunhan emphasizes that the format of music performance will keep change as long as medium keep change that followed by the technology. This kind of changing also means the way “Hui-Mei Change” (also as known as “A-Mei”) performs in music is going to alter as well. Marshall McLuhan also points out that the influence of medium could change human’s sense perception very easily, and could change the ratio of feeling forms, too. POP music changes the sense perception in very different ways when the medium is changing. Medium plays a catalyst role between life style and music world even though medium itself does not have any culture and implication elements involved. This research will show how performance style, sense perception, culture, and society interact with medium in A-Mei’s music while time changing and also how medium will change by time as well. This article will use Media Ecology perspective to see how A-Mei and music medium have been changed, and will build a timeline on the history of medium changing for later study. The article will also focus on how medium development change A-Mei’s music performance style and how human, and social cognition interact with medium by using vertical and horizontal cross-analysis in historical and social cognition ways. The article is going to provide an explanation that shows how people response when they use or touch different mediums and how A-Mei music performance has been formed when she met different mediums. Based on what mention before, the article finds out POP music has to use different mediums, such as, broadcasting, television, or Internet and different ways, like vision, hearing, or two senses combined to express and spread information and message. Because of vary types of mediums, album cover, music video, dance, and costume become more important and need to be packed to attract people’s eye ball, that is, music has to use more than one sense (hearing and vision) to expose itself in today’s electronic media. Different media forms different POP music style. Every music style has influenced by different singers and favor, and the way it performed in public has changed as well. Just like McLuhan believed in television media, electric Medias have replaced the characteristic of specialized sensory in traditional media and also change the two different senses of vision and hearing to create well image and message. A-Mei uses different mediums to create her own POP music style and also focus not only singing skill but also other visual performance, such as costume, music video, and dance. However, even though Internet music video platform can satisfied music fans’ vision and hearing need but it will not have same experience as actual live concert that fill of exciting and realistic feeling and atmosphere. (Other sense of feelings) Singers try to pass their music style to audience by using different mediums, therefore, POP music will keep change the way it perform to satisfied the needs and create new different music experience in the future when new medium come out.

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被引用紀錄


彭威皓(2015)。從「阿妹─阿密特」──張惠妹的轉型與自我頡頏〔碩士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342%2fNTU.2015.11007

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