皮克斯動畫工作室自從1995 年推出電影史上第一部3D 電腦動畫長片《玩具總動員》得到成功後,之後的每部電腦3D 動畫影片都是市場上票房的常勝軍。他們擅長在作品中以嘲諷性的情節批判現實社會中的各種現象,並以此風格逐漸走出另一條成功的商業化路線。相對於動畫界的龍頭─迪士尼,在3D 動畫風潮興起後,原本獨霸的大眾動畫市場開始分流,晚近的作品市場表現皆不佳。迪士尼為謀求新出路,在二○○六年以換股的方式併購皮克斯。 本研究發現,在此併購的時間點上,新的「迪士尼─皮克斯」的作品與過去作品中的批判性內涵相比已大為減弱,深具特色的擬物敘事風格也不復見,反而多了迪士尼的經典敘事模式。本研究針對此改變,從政治經濟學的角度分析迪士尼與皮克斯在經濟權力上的動態關係,如何影響創作者的獨立性與能動性。
In 1995, Pixar Animation Studios produced the first 3D computer-animated featurefilm Toy Story and it made a resounding success in ticketing revenue. Since then, every 3D film they produced has been successful. Before 2006, Pixar films criticized theunfairness of society with ironic plots, which was different from the conventional andcommercial movies, such as Disney films. This became its remarkable style and won itsplace in the film market. Due to the tendency of 3D computer-animated filmsgettingfashionable, Disney films have gradually lost their popularity. In 2006, Pixar entered anagreement to merge into the Walt Disney Company in a $7.4 billion stock swap. In sodoing, Disney tries to make profits from Pixar’s production. This study found that it is hardly to see the critical elements andthe materialification narrative style in the films made by Disney-Pixar. Instead, Disney classic narrative model is easily identified in them. This change shows the power relation between the Walt Disney Company and Pixar Animation Studios based on the critical political economy of communication (CPEC) approach.
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