心理健康促進活動對台灣機構老人幸福感和憂鬱情緒之介入成效探討

Effectiveness of the Mental health promotion activities program on happiness and depressive mood for institutionalized elderly people in Taiwan

胡宛臻(Wan-Chen Hu)

指導教授 ： 江宜珍

中山醫學大學/健康管理學院/公共衛生學系碩士班/碩士(2015年)

https://doi.org/10.6834/CSMU.2015.00012

摘要

研究目的: 本研究以機構老人為對象，設計一套心理健康促進活動介入方案，並探討此活動之介入能否提升機構老人之幸福感及減少老人憂鬱情緒。研究方法:本研究採準實驗設計，以立意取樣選取台中某一合格機構老人為研究對象，由機構社工師提供符合收案條件之老人名單，提供四個樓層，由研究者隨機選取兩樓為實驗組，另兩樓為與對照組，最後完成介入活動及問卷調查(包含前測、一週內及一個月後測共三次)分別為64人和62人。實驗組老人接受為期六週的心理健康促進介入活動(每次40分鐘)，對照組老人則進行一般常態健康促進活動，但考量研究倫理，於一個月後測問卷調查結束後，進行相同的介入課程活動。測量工具為結構式問卷，內容包括老人基本資料、「自評健康狀況」、「中國人幸福感量表(極短版)」、「簡易老人憂鬱量表(GDS short-form)」。本研究使用成對樣本t檢定(Paired-Sample t test)及廣義估計方程式(Generalized estimating eguation, GEE)探討介入之立即效果與延宕效果。研究結果：(1)本研究介入活動對提升實驗組老人之「幸福感」具有立即與延宕效果。(2)介入活動對減緩實驗組老人之「憂鬱情緒」亦具有立即與延宕效果。(3)關於整體介入活動的評價，93.8%的實驗組老人表示此課程活動對於未來更能正向面對人生是具有幫助的。結論:不同的介入活動會因活動主題、面向、以及運用的媒材，而有不同效益，建議相關單位應更加重視有益於老人的課程活動規劃及活動設計，增加老人生活的樂趣及快樂經驗，必能提升老人之幸福感以及減少老人憂鬱。

關鍵字

老人 ； 介入研究 ； 幸福感 ； 憂鬱情緒 ； 心理健康促進 ； 老人機構

並列摘要

Objective:In this study, institutions for the elderly as an object, to design a mental health promotion intervention programs and involvement in this program explore the possibility of upgrading the happiness of institutions for the elderly and the elderly reduce depression mood.
Research Method:By using purposive sampling to select 1 elderly institutionalized in Taichung city. Comply with the conditions of the offer to close the case by the institutionalized senior social worker lists the elderly, providing four floors of the elderly institutionalized. Our researchadopted a quasi-experimental design, randomly selected two buildings as the experimental group, and the other two buildings for the control group by the researchers. The number of people who complete all questionnaires (including pre-test, one-week post-test, and one-month post-test ) was 64 for the experimental group and 62 for the control group. Experimental groups attended six weeks (45 minutes per week) of mental health promotion programs while control group was generally in normal health promotion activities. Nevertheless, considering the research ethics, control groups attended the same mental health promotion programs after completing all questionnaires. This research used the repeated measures GEE to discuss the short-term and long-term effects of the intervention.
Research results：(1)The program can enhance happiness of theelderly in the experimental group(had both short-term and long-term effects )；(2) The program can reduce depression moodof theelderly in the experimental group(had both short-term and long-term effects )；(3)About the evaluation for the program, 93.8% of participants in the experimental groups claimed that the Mental health promotion activities programs were very helpful to face life positively in the future.
Conclusion:Different intervention programs due to the theme,intervention-oriented, the use of mediums, andhave different benefits；suggested that the relevant units should pay more attention benefit the elderly courses activities planning and activities designed to increase the fun and happy experience of life of the elderly, and the elderly will be able to enhance the happiness and reduce depression mood.

並列關鍵字

the elderly ； interventional studies ； happiness ； depression mood ； mental health promotion ； elderly institutionalized

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