- 學位論文
澎湖老人憂鬱症狀及相關因素之探討
Depressive Symptoms and Correlated Factors in Older Persons in Penghu
摘要
本研究目的為了解澎湖老人憂鬱情形，以及人口學特性、日常活動功能和社會支持與憂鬱的關係，並比較老人憂鬱量表（GDS-SF）與台灣人憂鬱量表所測量憂鬱結果的差異性。採橫斷式相關研究設計，以簡單隨機抽樣選取澎湖65歲以上老人200位參與本研究。以台灣人憂鬱量表、GDS-SF、日常活動功能量表及社會支持量表進行資料收集，以描述性統計、卡方檢定、t檢定、單因子變異數分析、Pearson 相關分析、逐步多元迴歸進行資料分析。結果顯示：（1）澎湖老人憂鬱比例以GDS-SF測量達34.5%，以台灣人憂鬱量表測量為18.5%。（2）台灣人憂鬱量表及GDS-SF所測量憂鬱比例有顯著差異性。（3）澎湖老人日常活動功能以能獨立活動者居多。（4）澎湖老人社會支持以子女支持為最主要來源，以提供情緒支持為較高。（5）GDS-SF測量的憂鬱症狀因性別、婚姻、教育及罹病情形的不同而有所差異，其中以女性、喪偶、未接受教育者及有罹病者憂鬱症狀較嚴重。（6）日常活動功能越好，憂鬱症狀越少。（7）社會支持越多，憂鬱症狀越少。（8）老人憂鬱之預測因子有社會支持滿意度、有接受教育、日常活動功能、整體社會支持、有罹病等五項，可解釋28.9%變異量。研究結果呈現澎湖老人憂鬱普遍存在，而其影響因素是多元，因此健康專業人員應深入評估老人身體及社會等層面，才能有效介入適當措施，來協助預防及治療老人的憂鬱症狀。
並列摘要
The purpose of this study was to explore depression in older persons in Penghu, and identify the relationships between depression and demographic variable, activities of daily living and social support. In addition, the percentages of older persons with depression were compared from Geriatric Depression Scale-Short (GDS-SF) and Taiwanese Depression Questionnaire (TDQ). A cross-sectional correlational research design was employed. Simple random sampling was used to obtain 200 subjects who were 65 years of age and above to participate in the study. TDQ, GDS-SF, Activities of Daily Living Scale and Inventory of Socially Supportive Behavior were used to collect data. The statistics used data analysis included descriptive statistics, chi-square test, t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson correlation, and stepwise multiple regression. The findings of the study were: (1) The percentage of the participants with depression that was measured by GDS-SF was 34.5%, and 18.5% measured by TDQ. (2) It was significantly different between the percentages of older persons with depression measured by GDS-SF and TDQ. (3) Most of the participants performed activities of daily living independently. (4) Support from adult children was important resource of social support for older persons. Emotion support was primary type of social support provided by adult children.(5) Depressive symptoms were different in different gender, marital status, and illness status. Female, widowed, under-educated, and ill older persons were more depressive than those who were married, educated, and healthy. (6) Older persons who performed activities of daily living better were less depressive. (7) Older persons who had more social support were less depressive. (8) Satisfaction of social support, educated, activities of daily living, total social support and illness were the predictors of depression in older persons. These predictors explained 28.9% variance of depression. The findings of the study indicate that depression in older persons in Penghu is prevalent. Depression is affected by numerous factors. Health professional should assess physical and social aspects of older persons comprehensively so effective interventions could been administered to prevent older persons from depression