綠色與健康醫院發展指標之研究

The study of development indicators for the green and health hospital

孫可翰(Ko-Han Sun)

指導教授 ： 李建瑩 ； 蔡雅芳

中山醫學大學/健康管理學院/醫療產業科技管理學系碩士班/碩士(2015年)

https://doi.org/10.6834/CSMU.2015.00085

摘要

中文摘要
隨著社會環境的轉變與相關健保制度的實施，使得現今的醫院面臨了較以往更加競爭的市場環境，政府及國際組織紛紛在各產業提倡環境保護等相關議題。為了促使醫院能夠在競爭的市場環境中脫穎而出，醫院的管理者除了設法改善服務效率與品質以提升病患對醫療照護的滿意度之外，更需要從硬體面和軟體面達到環境綠化、員工行為綠化甚至是全球的健康促進。
為了達到上述目的，醫院管理者對員工的要求與規範相對地就較以往多。而學術界及產業界也越來越多人研究、執行綠色採購、綠色供應鏈等作法，甚至是綠色醫院等相關概念來設法減少環境傷害，醫院也應朝向「醫院環保」及「健康促進」方向發展。但現今眾多國內外論文期刊中，較缺乏一套整合的評估指標做為執行成效的參考。本研究旨在如何去整合出一套適合台灣的評估指標提供未來研究者進一步研究之參考。
本研究採訪談收集質化分析資料並以層級分析法（Analytic Hierarchy Process, AHP）建構綠色醫院評估指標。指標建構主要參考國際無害醫療組織（Health Care Without Harm, HCWH）提出的「全球綠色與健康醫院議題」（Global Green and Healthy Hospitals Agenda, GGHH）並參考多項國內外綠色醫院、健康促進醫院相關指標，更諮詢學者專家、實務工作者對綠色醫院評量指標的看法以及醫院目前實施的現況，建構出一個合適於台灣現今醫療環境的綠色與健康醫院指標。研究發現如下：1. 研析綠色與健康醫院概念的構成與相關指標之發展。 2. 整合21項細部指標提供未來醫院評鑑需求之參考。 3. 本研究經由學者專家評比認為未來綠色與健康醫院發展重要指標次序依序為：綠色領導、廢棄物及化學物質、食品管理、水資源管理、永續環境與替代能源、室內環境品質等六大指標應列為首要考量之因素。

關鍵字

綠色醫院 ； 綠色與健康醫院 ； 綠色管理 ； 永續環境 ； 綠色領導

並列摘要

Abstract
With a changing society and the implementation of health care systems, hospitals nowadays face a even more competitive market. Governments and international institutions have been promoting environmental protection and related issues in all industries. To help a hospital stand out in a fiercely competitive market, hospital managers, in addition to finding way to better service efficiency and quality to improve patient satisfaction of the hospital’s medical care, also need to, from hardware and software, create a green environment, encourage staff to reduce their impact on the environment and even promote global health.
To achieve the aforementioned objectives, hospital managers will have to set more requirements and standards for the staff. In the academia and the industry, more and more people are researching on and implementing green procurement, green supply chain and other environment friendly mechanisms, even concepts such as “green hospital” to reduce a hospital’s negative effect on the environment. Hospitals should work towards becoming an environmental friendly hospital with health promotion. However, among the journals and papers both domestic and abroad, no one has proposed or formulated a comprehensive set of indicators on a hospital’s result on becoming more environmental friendly. This study aims to integrate and compile a set of indicators suitable for Taiwan that can serve as a reference for future researchers.
This study collects data from interviews and adopts qualitative data analysis and analytic hierarchy process on the data to formulate evaluation indicators for green hospitals. The indicators are compiled from the Global Green and Healthy Hospitals Agenda proposed by Health Care Without Harm. Many indicators related to green and health-promoting hospitals are also the source material. Scholars, experts and workers in medical institutions were consulted and their opinions over green hospital indicators and the current hospital circumstances were taken into account in the formulation of a set of green and healthy hospital indicators that are suitable for Taiwan. The results of this study are as follows: First, this study has analyzed the formulation of the concept of green and healthy hospitals and the development of relevant indicators. Secondly, this study has collected data from interviews and adopted qualitative data analysis on the data to formulate 21 subordinate indicators that can serve as reference for future hospital evaluation. Thirdly, scholars and experts, after careful research, believe that the indicators for future green and healthy hospitals should be as follows (in order of importance): green leadership, waste and chemical, food management, water resources management, sustainable environment and alternative energy and indoor environment quality. These 6 major indicators should be the top priority.

並列關鍵字

green hospital ； green and healthy hospital ； green management ； sustainable environment ； green leadership.

參考文獻

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