- 學位論文
企業投入ESG效益之研究–以總體經濟、機構投資人探討
Impact of Macroeconomy, Institutional Owners on Firm’s ESG Engagement
摘要
本研究旨在探討企業參與ESG是否有助於提升公司財務績效，並以「總體經濟」與「機構投資人」兩大主軸進行討論。前者在於分析經濟不景氣時，公司投入ESG是否仍有助於公司財務績效表現。後者著重於剖析機構投資人對企業經營管理之參與情形，是否會影響ESG表現於公司財務績效上的效益。本研究樣本為2003–2018間，美國2,446家上市公司，年有效樣本數共13,516筆。迴歸分析結果顯示，提升ESG表現確實有助於提升公司財務績效表現 (ROA)。然而在景氣不佳時，公司投入ESG不但無助於財務績效表現，反而可能產生負向影響。另一方面，機構投資人持股比率愈高時，未必有助於提升ESG表現對ROA之效益。然而當機構投資人持股集中度較高時，則明顯有助於提升ESG效益。本研究認為機構投資人之間於ESG政策上有潛在的利益衝突，因此當持股集中於重視ESG之機構投資人時，其參與程度與影響力愈高，使ESG表現愈好的公司，更能有效提升公司財務績效表現。
並列摘要
This study investigates whether corporate financial performance can be improved by the engagement in ESG, and discusses in two main topics, “Macroeconomy” and “Institutional Owners”. The former analyzes whether engagement in ESG is still beneficial to corporate financial performance in the recession periods. The latter concentrates on the analysis of whether the level of the engagement from institutional owners in companies’ administration and policies affects the benefit of ESG to corporate financial performance. Using the sample of 2,446 U.S. public companies during 2003 to 2018, and in total with 13,516 firm-year samples. Based on the results of regression analysis, we find engagement in better ESG indeed improves corporate financial performance (ROA). However, during the recession, engaging in ESG can’t provide any benefit, even has negative impact on corporate financial performance. On the other hand, with the higher shareholding ratio of institutional owners, the effect of ESG on improving ROA is not clear. Nevertheless, with the highly concentrated shareholding of institutional owners, the benefit of ESG is obviously enhanced. We believe there is a potential conflict of interest among institutional investors in ESG policies. Consequently, more shareholding concentrated on the institutional owners which value ESG, they can have greater level of engagement and influence on corporate policies and strategies making, and so that the companies with better ESG performance can improve their corporate financial performance more effectively.