昆蟲幾丁聚醣抗菌作用探討

鄭恕涵

doi:10.6845/NCHU.2008.00012

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昆蟲幾丁聚醣抗菌作用探討

The antibacterial activity of insect chitosan

鄭恕涵 , Masters　　Advisor：杜武俊　　

繁體中文 DOI： 10.6845/NCHU.2008.00012

幾丁質；幾丁聚醣；家蠅；麵包蟲；抗菌活性； chitin ； chitosan ； Musca domestica ； Tenebrio molitor ； antibacterial activity

Abstract │ Reference (386) │ Altmetrics

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Chitin and chitosan were extracted from larvae of Musca domestica and Tenebrio molitor, and dry shrimp (Neocaridina sp.) in this study, the productive rates of chitin were 1.56, 1.72 and 3.59%, respectively, and the productive rates of chitosan were 1.29, 1.46 and 2.29%, respectively. By the solubilities in the acetic acid solution, we could make sure the two extracts were chitin and chitosan. Chitin from three different organic sources had no antibacterial activity, whiles all of chitosan had antibacterial activity. Chitosan expressed a widely spectrum of antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae CCRC 10694 and Vibrio parahamelytics CCRC 10806, and also against the strains isolated from clinic, Salmonella cholearasuis, , Streptococcus intermedius, Citrobacter koseri, Staphylococcus xylosus, Streptococcus alactolyticus, hemolytic Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, confirming that chitosan presents a widely spectrum of antibacterial effect. The minimal inhibitory concentration and minimal bactericidal concentration of three kinds of chitosan against 10 strains of bacteria were in the range of 0.125-0.5%. No significant difference of antibacterial activity among the three chitosan in these tests, and either no significant difference between the antibacterial activity of chitosan against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. According to the lethal time test, all the Gram-positive bacteria were completed dead below 6 hours, besided S. xylosus, where as over 6 hours, all of Gram-negative bacteria were completely dead. The results of lethal time test showed that there was a significant difference of lethal time between the Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria after treating of chitosan. Under existing of 0.5% chitosan, all the median lethal time (LT50) of 10 strains of bacteria were below 2 hours. Under the scanning electron microscope, we observed the surface on E. coli perforated by chitosan, and bacterial were also lysed by chitosan, while no perforation was observed on the surface of S. aureus. The MICs of ampicillin and amoxicillin risen to 32-64 &micro;g/ml from 4-8 &micro;g/ml and 16-32 &micro;g/ml, respectively, suggested that chtiosan and penicillins antibiotics might be antagonistic with each other in application of antibacterial activity.

Reference ( 386 ) 〈TOP〉

方紹威。1990。幾丁質與幾丁聚醣在廢水處理，生化，食品和醫藥上之研究發展現況。藥物食品檢驗局調查研究年報，8：20-30。
連結：
王雅琪。2002。以幾丁聚醣包覆四環素對藥物控制釋放之研究。中原大學醫學工程學系碩士論文。116頁。
連結：
李博文、張志鵬。2003。幾丁聚醣包覆藥用優碘微膠囊之製備。華岡紡織期刊，11(2)：154-159。
連結：
吳冠政、蔡國珍。2006。餵食幾丁聚醣水解液對BALB/c小鼠免疫活性調節之影響。台灣農業化學與食品科學，44(4)：228-234。
連結：
林佳妏、張曉婷、吳柏昇、林睿哲。2001。幾丁聚醣於生醫材料之應用與特性。化工會刊，48(2)：84-91。
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