土肉桂葉子熱水抽出物對動物降血脂之功效及其成分解析

林庭宇

doi:10.6845/NCHU.2011.00358

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土肉桂葉子熱水抽出物對動物降血脂之功效及其成分解析

Anti-dyslipidemic Activity of Hot-water Extracts from Cinnamomum osmophloeum Kaneh and Their Composition Analysis

林庭宇 , Masters　　Advisor：王升陽　　

繁體中文 DOI： 10.6845/NCHU.2011.00358

土肉桂；葉子熱水抽出物；黃酮類醣苷抗血脂異常； Cinnamomum osmophloeum Kaneh ； leaves hot-water extract ； flavonol glycosides ； anti-dyslipidemic activity

Abstract │ Reference (110) │ Times Cited (1) │ Altmetrics

Abstract 〈TOP〉

土肉桂（Cinnamomum osmophloeum）為台灣重要特有闊葉樹種，本研究目的為探討土肉桂葉子熱水抽出物對於動物體內血脂異常之調節及改善，並對指標成分做定性定量分析。土肉桂葉子熱水抽出物經過層析技術分離純化與一系列光譜技術鑑定後，得知土肉桂葉子的熱水抽出物主要是由6個黃酮類醣苷化合物所組成，其中kaempferol-3-O-α-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (F4)與kaempferol-3-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl- (1→2)-α-L-arabinofuranoside (F5)為首次自天然界中所分離；另外，本研究並選擇土肉桂葉子熱水抽出物中最具代表性的kaempferol-3-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-arabinofuranosyl-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (F2)與kaempferitrin (F3)來作為指標成分並對其進行定量分析，經過分析後，確認這2個指標成分在熱水抽出物中含量分別為7.56%及9.95%。
動物實驗設計分為5個組別︰（1）含高膽固醇（0.2%膽固醇）飼料組（HChol）；（2）正常飼料組；（3）高膽固醇飲食及低劑量（100 mg/kg B.W.）土肉桂葉子熱水抽出物組（HChol + CO100）；（4）高膽固醇飲食及高劑量（500 mg/kg B.W.）土肉桂葉子熱水抽出物組（HChol + CO500）；（5）高膽固醇飲食及參考藥物gemfibrozil（20 mg/kg B.W.）組。每個實驗組皆以口服的方式給予倉鼠服用，實驗進行10週，並評估土肉桂葉子熱水抽出物對於功能性指標，包括體重、攝食量與解剖後臟器外觀與重量、血清三酸甘油酯（TG）、總膽固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白膽固醇（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白膽固醇（LDL-C）的影響。與只餵食高膽固醇飲食（0.2%膽固醇）的組別相比，經過持續餵食5到10週低劑量（100 mg/kg B.W.）的土肉桂葉子熱水抽出物後，血清中的總膽固醇及三酸甘油酯分別降低了12.63%、34.25%及33.88%、36.88%；再進一步分析脂蛋白的組成，經過10週低劑量（100 mg/kg B.W.）抽出物餵食後，低密度脂蛋白膽固醇（LDL-C）的指數方面比起只餵食高油脂飲食（0.2%膽固醇）的組別有明顯降低的情況（減少27.77%），且不會明顯減少高密度脂蛋白膽固醇（HDL-C）的含量。本研究並以動物試驗對於土肉桂葉子的熱水抽出物進行毒理安全性評估，實驗結果顯示土肉桂葉子熱水抽出物在最高劑量（2 g/kg B.W.）時，小鼠的血清、血球檢測、腎及肝臟的臟器變化方面，都沒有明顯的毒理表現情形。根據這些結果可以推論即使在高劑量（2 g/kg B.W.）下，土肉桂葉子熱水抽出物並不會對小鼠造成毒性反應。

Parallel Abstract 〈TOP〉

Cinnamomum osmophloeum Kaneh is an indigenous tree species grown in Taiwan. In this study, the anti-dyslipidemic activity of C. osmophloeum was studied. First of all, the composition of COE was characterized by using several chromatography separation and spectroscopic analysis. The main compounds of COE is composed with six flavonoid glycosides, among, kaempferol-3-O-α-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-rham-nopyranosyl-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (F4) and kaempferol-3-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-arabinofuranoside (F5) were firstly isolated from natural product. Moreover, two represented flavonoid glycosides, namely kaempferol-3-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-arabinofuranosyl-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (F2) and kaempferitrin (F3) were selected as index compounds for hot-water extracts. According to the quantification analysis, the contents for F2 and F3 were 7.56% and 9.95%, respectively.
Male hamsters were randomly divided into five groups, including (1) high-fat diet (contain 0.2% cholesterol) and fed water 1 mL; (2) normal diet and fed water 1 mL; (3) high-fat diet and fed low concentration hot-water extracts of C. osmopholeum leaves (COE) 100 mg/kg B.W. was suspended in 1 mL water; (4) high-fat diet and fed high concentration COE 500 mg/kg B.W.; (5) high-fat diet and fed positive control gemfibrozil 20 mg/kg B.W.. All of the treatments were through oral administration. In the mean time, the hamsters were fed with diet and water ad libtium. The experiment was carried out for 10 weeks. The functional index, i.e. the food intake, livers and kidneys outward appearances, serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), hepatic total cholesterol, hepatic triglyceride were monitored during the experimental period. Compared with hyperlipidemic hamsters, the plasma TC and TG levels of hamsters fed with COE at a dosage of 100 mg/kg B.W. were significantly reduced to 12.63% and 34.25% for 5 weeks, and 33.88% and 36.88% and 10 weeks respectively. Plasma LDL-C was also reduced to 27.77% after 10 weeks feeding with the same extract. Acute toxicity study indicated that the extracts did not cause damage to hamster’s liver or kidney. Based on these results, we conclude that COE possesses anti-dyslipidemic activity.

Reference ( 110 ) 〈TOP〉

潘懷宗、劉晉魁、周良穎、謝秉甫、李沐勳（1994）利用超臨界二氧化碳萃取肉桂中之精油成份：並與水蒸氣蒸餾法進行比較。中醫藥雜誌 5: 199-207。
連結：
劉如芸（2005）六種化學品系土肉桂葉子精油抗細菌、腐朽菌、病媒蚊幼蟲及室塵螨活性。台灣大學森林環境暨資源學研究所碩士論文。45 - 57頁，70 - 71頁。
連結：
林岳賢（2008）土肉桂葉部之生理活性成分分析研究。國立中興大學化學系碩士論文。30 - 74頁。
連結：
胡大維、林耀堂、何政坤（1985）台灣土肉桂葉部精油化學成分之天然變異。台灣林業試驗所試驗報告。78：296-313。
連結：
行政院衛生署（2010）臺灣地區九十九年國人主要死因統計。行政院衛生署。
連結：

Times Cited (1) 〈TOP〉

劉人慈(2013)。石蓮萃取物對代謝症候群受試者血糖、血脂、血壓、氧化壓力及發炎之影響。中山醫學大學營養學研究所學位論文。2013。1-82。

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