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  • 學位論文

台灣外勞人力業之發展現況與經濟分析

Industrial Development and Economical Analysis in Recruitment Agencies for Foreign Workers in Taiwan

指導教授 : 林志平

摘要


近年來,台灣政府開放引進外籍勞工來填補各產業勞動力不足的缺口,再者,長期台灣的總生育率(total fertility rate)遞減,未來將持續面臨勞動力的不足,因而可能導致產出減少,使得經濟成長減緩。勞動力的養成,從出生至可成為勞動人口至少十五年,因此,提高總生育率是緩不應急的方式。 許多研究指出,可透過接納移民的方式來促使經濟的成長,例如︰Denton & Spencer(2005)、Hui & Hashmi(2004)等,但是,移民勞工在移居國將產生的許多經濟與社會問題,因此,本文提出透過引進短期外籍勞工來取代移民勞工。藉由短期外籍勞工在當地國的時間有限,政府及廠商在勞動運用上較具彈性。 台灣以短期外籍勞工為主,因而以此為研究對象。本文參考Denton & Spencer(2005)的模型,使用1995年至2005年台灣23個縣市的縱橫資料(Panel data),檢定廠商總資本額、勞動力對經濟成長的影響,另將勞動力分成外籍勞工的引進人數與本籍勞工就業人數,藉由此估計來證明外籍勞工的引進是否對經濟成長有正面影響。 研究結果顯示,外籍勞工的人數、本籍勞工的就業人數、廠商投入的總資本額對台灣的經濟成長有正面影響;由此可知,台灣的勞動缺口可藉由引進短期外籍勞工來填補。

並列摘要


In recent years, the government has permitted introducing foreign workers to meet the need of manpower in industry. Additionally, total fertility rate has been decreasing in a long time in Taiwan. Therefore, the government will face the insufficiency of manpower resulting in the decrease of export and slowing down of economic growth. It takes at least fifteen years to develop manpower from birth to workforce. As a result, raising total fertility rate is not an effective way.Based on many researches, the economic growth can be promoted through acceptance of immigrants, such as the studies published by Denton&Spencer(2005), Hui&Hashmi(2004).However, immigrated workers may cause many economic and social problems in the immigrated country. This article proposes introducing short-term foreign workers to replace immigrated workers. Due to short-term foreign workers stay in the country for limited duration, the government and companies can have more flexibility to manage the laborers.The majority of the foreign workers in Taiwan are short-term laborers. Therefore, they are the study objects. This study takes the model of Denton & Spencer(2005) with the Panel data in twenty-three counties of Taiwan from 1995 to 2005.to evaluate how the total capital and laborers of the companies influence the economic growth. The labor force are divided into the amount of foreign workers and local workers in order to verify if introducing foreign workers has a positive effect to economic growth. The study result reveals that the amount of foreign workers, the amount of local workers and total invested capital of companies has positive effects to economic growth of Taiwan. As a result, the insufficiency of local laborers in Taiwan can be compensated by introducing short-term foreign workers.

參考文獻


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