層級分析法應用在消防安全設備缺失之研究

近幾年來，建築物的迅速林立使得密度相對提高了許多，而發生火災的危險因子也隨之增加。將發生火災的主因與國外的制度做比較，發現國內較依賴於硬體設施方面，對於防災預防及應變觀念較為薄弱，故一旦消防設備上有了缺失又面臨火災時即有可能釀成重大的傷亡。本研究主要是透過文獻分析法、資料蒐集法、統計分析法以及專家問卷等諸項方法來探討相關議題研究。蒐集國內消防安全設備之相關文獻包含消防安全設備管理、消防安全設備維護、消防安全課題之軟體應用等，進而探討消防安全設備上的缺失。最後統計與AHP的結果得出兩者的差異甚大，統計資料顯示市面上的各類場所消防安全設備缺失大都是一些小問題，例如:缺標示牌、未懸吊、標示燈故障等，而非專家學者們認為的技術層面問題，例如:幫浦運轉跳電、火警探測器迴路故障等。從以上可以得出一個結論，自從八十四年的威爾康大火事件後所實施的消防安全設備檢修制度，幫助了市面上設備缺失問題改善了不少，如果在檢修制度上可達到百分百的申報，一定可以將火災帶來的損失降到最低。

關鍵字

層級分析法；消防安全設備

並列摘要

Nowadays, the density of the structures has been greater than before; the probability of the fire accident has been increased accordingly. Compared the main reason of the fire accidents between domestic and overseas, it shows we paid more attention on the facility than the concept of fire prevention. Means, the ability to deal with the fire prevention is kind of weak. Meanwhile, once there was the fire accident occurred when lacking of fire-fighting equipment, it might caused significant number of casualties. The main propose of this paper is to measure the relative research and discussion based on documentary analysis, data collection method, statistical analysis, and Analytic Hierarchy Process. To collect the relative documents, such as the management of fire safety equipment, maintenance of the fire safety equipment, the topic of using the fire safety software…etc. The final statistics analysis and AHP has great deviation. The data illustrates that instead of the technical problems, which pointed up by the professors and the scholars, such as pump operate failure and the failure of fire alarm detector, most of the problems for the fire safety equipments are just some small issues. For example, lack of the sign, not suspensor, the marker lights failure …etc. To sum up, since the serious fire accident of Welcome Restaurant in 1995, the fire safety equipment maintenance system has helped to improve a lot of problems. If there was one hundred percent reporting during the maintenance processes, the damage from the fire accident can be much lower.