以系統模擬方式探討不同裝配生產系統供料模式之研究

建置製造系統所需考量之因素有很多，大多以經驗法則注意事項為考量，未能採精確方式分析及模擬。本研究以裝配生產系統為例，利用模擬軟體eM-Plant建構一考量多種影響生產現場系統設計因素之模型，如生產批量、移運批量、供料批量、工料時機點、供料人員數及是否混線等因素；並利用此模型探討對系統平均WIP數量、總生產週期時間、平均機台利用率、平均供料人員利用率及存貨持有成本等之績效指標之影響。我們取162個實驗組合中結果較佳之前10%實驗組合結果之平均值與總體結果平均值比較；較佳10%實驗組合結果之系統平均WIP數量績效指標較總體低68%，總生產週期時間少39%，平均機台利用率高出47%，平均存貨持有成本少65%；顯示不同生產現場系統設計因素對生產系統之績效指標有顯著影響，而混線與否及工作站配置為影響物料需求時點之主要因素。利用實驗結果中各績效指標較好之生產現場系統設計因素組合，期望能供決策者在建構製造現場時可依其不同之目標，有效率的以系統化方法找出符合其生產狀況之供料方法，並有助於抉擇改善生產績效之因子，應用於生產現場。

關鍵字

裝配線；物料需求時點；移運批量；供料程序；模擬

並列摘要

Many aspects need to be considered during the establishment of manufacturing systems. Guidelines from experience are often referred to design a production system. In this study, we try to develop a simulation modeling procedure to design assembly systems considering a variety of factors affecting the production system such as production batch, transfer batch, product mix, component supply batch, reorder point, and number of material handling staff. We evaluate the impact of these design factors to the performance measures such as average system WIP, the total production cycle time, average machine utilization, material handling staff utilization and WIP inventory cost. We compare the average performance of the best 10% of all experiments scenarios with the average of total 162 experiments scenarios. The result shows that the WIP the average of the best 10% experiments scenarios is 68% lower than the average of total experiments scenarios. Similarly, the total production cycle time is 39% less, the average machine utilization rate is 47% higher, and the inventory holding costs is 65% less. The design factors considered in this study affect the performance of production systems significantly. The material requirement timing is significantly related to whether line mixed or not and work allocation of work stations. This study shows the systematic approach to experiment different factors affecting the performance of assembly line production system.

並列關鍵字

Assembly Line ； Requirement Timing ； Transfer Batch

參考文獻

[34] 黃正淡，台灣汽車產業物流系統特性之探討，碩士論文，中原大學工業工程研究所，桃園，2002。

[1] J. W. Stevenson, Operations Management, New York: McGraw-Hill Education, 2007.

[3] J. Miltenburg, “U-shaped production lines: A Review of Theory and Practice,” International Journal of Production Economics, 2001.

[4] W. B. Crowston and M. H. Wagner, ”Dynamic Lot Size Model for Multi-Stage Assembly systems,” Management Science, vol. 20, no. 1, 1973, pp. 14.

[5] W. B. Crowston, M. Wagner and J. F. Williams, “Economic Lot Size Determination in Multi-Stage Assembly Systems,” Management Science, vol. 19, no. 5, 1973, pp. 517.

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以系統模擬方式探討不同裝配生產系統供料模式之研究

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