161kV氣封絕緣開關設備鐵磁共振之研究

A Study of Ferroresonance in the 161kV Gas Insulated Switchgear

林家慶(Jia-Ching Lin)

指導教授 ： 陳昭榮 ； 李清吟

國立臺北科技大學/電資學院/電機工程系研究所/碩士(2010年)

摘要

鐵磁共振是一種複雜的電力現象，屬於非線性的共振，起因於變壓器或比壓器鐵心元件的飽和效應。當非線性電感變化與迴路電容匹配時，便會產生共振。如未及時排除共振現象，將造成電力系統中持續性的過電壓、過電流，使得設備的溫度升高與絕緣破壞，最終造成設備的損壞，並嚴重危害人員的安全。因此，深入探討鐵磁共振發生的原因與情形，目的就是為了消除鐵磁共振的發生，降低電力系統運轉的風險。
台電甲變電所161kV氣封絕緣開關設備(Gas Insulated Switchgear, GIS)所發生的比壓器鐵磁共振現象，造成比壓器燒損及間隔器破損。除了設備損壞的財物損失之外，也降低了電力系統的供電品質。本文利用電磁暫態程式(Electromagnetic Transients Program, EMTP)，依據GIS設備參數建立電磁暫態模型，以事故時的操作程序進行模擬，模擬的結果確認GIS比壓器發生鐵磁共振現象；本文提出藉由移除斷路器極間電容、改變GIS操作程序及改變比壓器二次側阻尼電抗器的串聯電阻值等三種作法，探討改善消除鐵磁共振，經分別模擬的結果證實，透過適當的改變即可消除鐵磁共振現象，避免事故的發生，最後，提出具體建議供設備製造商、運轉及維護人員參考。

關鍵字

氣封絕緣開關設備 ； 非線性電感 ； 鐵磁共振 ； 電磁暫態程式 ； 極間電容 ； 阻尼電抗器

並列摘要

Ferroresonance, as a non-linear resonance, is a complex electrical phenomenon caused by the saturation effect of the core components in a transformer or a voltage transformer. If not removed immediately, resonance which occurs as the nonlinear inductance changes to match the circuit capacitance will result in sustained over voltage and over current in a power system. It may further trigger a rise in the temperature and impair insulation, severely damaging equipments and endangering the safety of related personnel. The major purpose of this research is therefore to eliminate the occurrence of ferroresonance via in-depth exploration of its causes and conditions so as to reduce the risk of power system operation.
A 161kV gas insulated switchgear (GIS) at a Taipower substation went through voltage transformer ferroresonance phenomenon, resulting in the voltage transformer burned and the spacer broken. Not only the equipment was damaged, the quality of power supply system was also impaired. In the thesis, the electromagnetic transients program (EMTP) is used to build an electromagnetic transients model based on the GIS-derived parameters. The same operational procedures during the accident are then adopted for simulation; the results confirm the occurrence of ferroresonance on the voltage transformer of GIS. For eliminating ferroresonance, the thesis proposes three methods, including: removing the grading capacitance of the circuit breaker, changing the GIS operational procedures, and modifying the series resistance of the damping reactor on the secondary side of the voltage transformer. Effectiveness of the proposed methods are verified by the results of separate simulations; appropriate changes do contribute to the elimination of ferroresonance and help prevent the occurenace of subsequent accidents and damages. Specific recommendations are then presented to provide reference for equipment manufacturers and operation and maintenance workers.

並列關鍵字

GIS ； Nonlinear Inductance ； Ferroresonance ； EMTP ； Grading Capacitance ； Damping Reactor

參考文獻

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