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  • 學位論文

3D量測系統定位點點雲合併之誤差分析實務

The Error Deviation Analysis of the Measurement of 3D Points Cloud Based on Fixed Points Merging Technology

指導教授 : 汪家昌
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摘要


隨著科技日益發達,人們對3C產品的需求越來越高漲,然而為講求價格經濟、質輕便利攜帶、耐於保存,對於外殼設計多半採用大量塑膠成型物件,在需求量大的原則下為了降低生產成本,多以射出成型大量產出,產品在於品質控管上更是不可或缺。目前各大製造商則積極導入更快速及更精確的檢驗手法來面對大幅度的產量,以求在最短及最迅速的時間下完成塑膠外殼機件的檢驗,而目前多半利用各式逆向量測設備來進行檢驗,對於接觸式量測系統雖然所得知結果較為精確,但是量測速度慢且對於質料較軟的物件易造成變形;相反的在非接觸式量測系統方面,其量測結果往往精確度較差。本論文的研究的目的在於針對照相量測系統(ATOS)所造成的誤差現象來分析並尋找出較為適宜的量測方式,降低其誤差值以求得數據提供參考並使該方法能夠被信賴,所以分別提出不同量測方式後以逆向工程軟體進行相互比較,即可以標準偏差量之分析方式進行差異性比較,最後並套用於實際曲面實體中進行驗證,驗證出具有參考價值之結果。本研究設計兩個階段的實驗,第一階段以五種量測模式及四種比對方式得到使用治具的量測結果,其誤差比對之絕對偏差值0.0194 mm,優於直接面量測所得之絕對偏差值0.0261 mm,故於第二階段之實體實驗中僅以三種量測模式及兩種比對方式驗證第一階段之結果,實驗後之結果也證明出以治具夾持待測物所量測出的資料,其比對後所得誤差比對之絕對偏差平均值為0.1193 mm優於直接面量測所得誤差比對之絕對偏差平均值0.1499 mm,足以證明由治具夾持之量測資料較具參考價值。

並列摘要


Followed by the new tends of 3C products development, which are the low cost, light weight, and good in storage, the outfit is normally build by plastic injection process for fast mass production. The quality control has become a vital stage to yield the production salability. In order to speed up the inspection process for mass production, many companies have introduced new measuring and new inspection systems to help the verification needs. Conventional measuring approach is using contact probe with a very acceptable accuracy for few key points’ verification. But the draw back of the contact method is the very slow in speed and cannot be used in soft parts like the thin shell plastic products. The non-contact measuring approach is the solution to overcome the speed and soft problem but cannot always be acceptable in terms of accuracy.The objectives of this research are based on an ATOS non-contact measuring system to evaluate the phenomena of the error during the surface merging and to propose a possible solution to limit the error during the operation. There are two stages in this research. The first stage is to evaluate the error deviations of the proposed five different measuring operation processes based on a simple plan shape object. The results show that the absolute error deviation is 0.0194 mm by the proposed fixture based process, which is better than 0.0261 mm by the conventional direct surface measuring process. In order to estimate the consistence of the proposed fixture based process, the other stage is applying the proposed fixture based process and the conventional direct surface measuring process to a real 3D curved object. The results also show that the absolute error deviation is 0.1193 mm by the proposed fixture based process, which is better than 0.1499 mm by the conventional direct surface measuring process. It can be concluded that the proposed fixture based measuring process using ATOS non-contact measuring system is recommend to most computer aided verdict process.

參考文獻


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