應用分離元素法於台二線邊坡災害模擬

Applying DEM for Coastal Highway No.2 Slope Destabilization

鄭憲聰(Hsien-Tsung Cheng)

指導教授 ： 張國楨

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/土木與防災研究所/碩士(2014年)

摘要

台灣位處板塊聚合邊界，在山多平原少的情況下使得道路經常建於邊坡上，而台灣北海岸濱海公路是重要的聯絡道路之一。台灣地震頻繁情況下，此處長年
大小落石不斷造成許多公安意外。
本文試以分離元素法軟體3DEC，利用三維岩體彼此間可相互分離的特點，
模擬邊坡在選定的參數下是否會造成落石或傾倒。
本研究嘗試以台二線82.5K、84K為模擬區域，此地地層屬桂竹林層，岩性是以泥質砂岩及頁岩為主之二鬮段，而本研究以(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, UAV)無人飛行載具空拍台二線82.5K與84K處，並製成數值地形模型(DTM)，利用網格具三維座標的特性並結合分離元素軟體3DEC建置出現地模型，並試以BRICK、PRISM兩種不同塊體指令進行建模並討論其適用性，而為了加速運算效率與模
型生成之速度，另外輔以Meshmixer軟體簡化不必要的網格。
在分析方面本研究模擬一般靜態狀況下與地震條件影響下之行為及安定性，參數則以鑽探資料佐以強度折減之方式來進行分析，並針對掉落的塊體之堆積情
況與規模進行討論。
研究成果顯示以數值地形模型結合分離元素法軟體3DEC除了可建置出精確之真實地表模型並可成功模擬邊坡塊體掉落之過程與運動路徑，可進一步掌握
災害影響範圍。

關鍵字

分離元素法 ； 數值地形模型 ； 台二線

並列摘要

In Taiwan, the portion of road which had been built on the mountain slope is higher than other countries, because Taiwan located in a convergent boundary. Furthermore, the number of mountains is more than that of plain. Meanwhile, Coastal highway No.2, one of most vital road in eastern of Taiwan, had many rockfalls
accident cases that result from the high frequency of earthquakes.
The study employ 3DEC for analyzing researching statistic, and feature of rock mass of three-dimensional. Furthermore, use 3DEC to create a certain condition and then to simulate the slopes whether destabilization. In this research, the Coastal highway No.2 82.5K and 84K are chosen as the examples, which were combination
with Kueichulin formation and sandstone.
The DTM of Coastal highway No.2 82.5K and 84 K is made from UAV through aerial photography technology. In addition use the features to create three-dimensional of coordinate and 3DEC developing real terrain model. Trying to analyze the applicability and create the model of two kinds of block command in brick and prism. Then, the efficiency is increasing and model develop simplify mesh
by Meshmixer.
In summary, this study is aim for the influence behavior and stability under the certain condition, static and earthquake which is simulated by the changing the statistic of 3DEC. Analysis parameter with geological boring information, reduction factor and discuss the cumulate situation of falling block and size. Digital terrain model combine with 3DEC reveal real terrain model can built precisely simulation process of falling slope block and moving path, and then to command area of
influence on disaster.

並列關鍵字

Discrete element method ； Digital terrain model ； Coastal highway No.2

參考文獻

8. 張賀翔，「應用分離元素法探討順向坡失穩歷程-以國道三號崩塌事件為

7. 翁晨桓，「分離元素法山崩模型建置及震滑機制行為初探」，碩士論文，

9. 台灣世曦工程顧問股份有限公司，「國家生技研究園區開發計畫環境影響

10. 中興工程顧問股份有限公司，「營運核能電廠補充地質調查工作地質調查

11. 魏倫瑋、李璟芳、黃韋凱、紀宗吉等人，「台2線68K八斗子落石災害致